MEANING OF SHIA
Well-Wisher: Shia, as you know, literally means "follower." One of your greatest ulema, Firuzabadi,
in his Qamusu'l-Lughat, says, "The name 'Shia' commonly means every person who is a friend of Ali
and his Ahle Bait. This name is peculiar to them." Exactly the same meaning is given by Ibn Athir in
Nihayatu'l-Lughat. According to your own commentaries, the word Shia means "follower of Ali Bin
Abu Talib" and was used in this way during the time of the Prophet. In fact, it was the Prophet himself
who introduced the word Shia as meaning "follower of Ali Bin Abu Talib." And this word was used by
the Holy Prophet about whom Allah says: "Nor does he speak out of desire. It is naught but revelation
that is revealed." (53:3-4) The Prophet called the followers of Ali "The Shia," the "delivered," and the
"rescued."
Hafiz: Where is such a thing? We have never seen it.
Well-Wisher: We have seen it, and we do not think it proper to conceal facts. Allah condemned
concealers and called them companions of Hell. Allah says, "Surely those who conceal the clear
proofs and the guidance that We revealed after We made it clear in the Book for men, those it is whom
Allah shall curse, and those who curse shall curse them (too)." (2:159) "Surely those who conceal any
part of the Book that Allah has revealed and take for it a small price, they eat nothing but fire into their
bellies, and Allah will not speak to them on the Day of Resurrection, nor will He purify them, and they
shall have a painful chastisement." (2:170)
Hafiz: If we know the truth and conceal it, I agree we deserve condemnation as revealed in these holy
verses.
Well-Wisher: I hope you keep these two verses in mind so that habit or intolerance may not
overpower you. Hafiz Abu Nu'aim Ispahani is one of the most distinguished of your narrators of
hadith. Ibn Khallikan has praised him in his Wafayatu'l-A'ayan' as one of the great Huffaz (men of
wisdom), and one of the most learned narrators of hadith. He also states that the ten volumes of his
Hilyatu'l-Auliya are among the most instructive of books. Salahu'd-din Khalil bin Aibak Safdi writes in
his Wafiy bi'l-Wafiyat about him, "The crown of narrators of hadith, Hafiz Abu Nu'aim, was the
foremost in knowledge, piety, and honesty. He enjoyed a high position in the narration and
understanding of hadith. His best work is Hilyatu'l-Auliya in 10 volumes, consisting of derivations from
the two Sahihs." Muhammad bin Abdullah al-Khatib praises him in Rijali'l-Mishkati'l-Masabih, saying
that he is among the leading narrators of hadith whose narrations are utterly reliable.
In short, this respected scholar and traditionist, the pride of your ulema, relates from Abdullah bin
Abbas through his own chain of narrators in his book Hilyatu'l-Auliya relates: "When the following
verse of the holy Qur'an was revealed: '(As for) those who believe and do good, surely they are the
best of men. Their reward with their Lord is gardens of perpetuity beneath which rivers flow, abiding
therein for ever. Allah is well pleased with them and they are well pleased with Him; that is for him who
fears his Lord.' (98:7-8), the Holy Prophet, addressing Ali, said: 'O Ali, the best of creatures
(Khairu'l-bariyya) in this holy verse refers to you and your followers (Shia). On the Day of
Resurrection, you and your followers (Shia) shall attain such a position that Allah will be pleased with
you, and you will be pleased with Him.'"
FURTHER MERITS OF SHIA
Similarly, Abu'l-Muwayyid Muwafiq Bin Ahmad Khawarizmi in the 17th chapter of his Manaqib; Hakim
Abu'l-Qasim Abdullah Bin Abdullahi'l-Haskani, in Shawahidu't-tanzil; Muhammad Bin Yusuf Ganji
Shafi'i in Kifayatu't-Talib, p. 119, Sibt Ibn Jauzi in Tadhkira, p. 31, Munzir Bin Muhammad Bin Munzir,
and particularly Hakim, have related that Hakim Abu Abdullah Hafiz (one of the greatest of your ulema)
said: based on the testimony of narrators reaching back to Yazid Bin Sharafi'l-Ansari, the scribe of the
Commander of the Faithful, Ali Bin Abu Talib, that Ali said that at the time of the Prophet's death, the
Prophet rested on Ali's chest and said: "You have heard the holy verse: 'Those who believe and do
good deeds, it is they who are the best of creatures.' (98:7) These are your Shia. My and your meeting
place shall be at the fountain of Kauthar (in Paradise). When all created beings assemble for reckoning,
your face will be bright, and you will be identified on that day as the leader of the bright-faced people."
Jalalu'd-din Suyuti, in his Durru'l-Mansur quotes Abu'l-Qasim Ali Bin Hasan (commonly known as Ibn
Asakir Damishqi), who quotes Jabir Bin Abdullah Ansari, one of the greatest companions of the
Prophet, as saying that he and others were sitting with the Holy Prophet when Ali Bin Abu Talib came
in. The Holy Prophet said: "I swear by Him Who controls my life that this man (Ali) and his Shia shall
secure deliverance on the Day of Resurrection." At that time the verse cited above was revealed. In the
same commentary, Ibn Adi quotes Ibn Abbas as saying that when the above verse was revealed, the
Prophet said to the Commander of the Faithful, Ali, "You and your followers (Shia) will come on the
Day of Resurrection in such a condition that all of you will be pleased with Allah, and Allah will be
pleased with you."
In the Manaqib of Khawarizmi, the following is related from Jabir bin Abdullah Ansari: "I was in the
presence of the Holy Prophet when Ali joined us, and thereupon the Holy Prophet said: 'It is my
brother that has come to you.' Then, facing towards the Ka'ba, the Prophet took hold of Ali's hand and
said: 'By Him Who controls my life, this Ali and his Shia will be delivered on the Day of Judgement.'
Then he said: 'Ali is the foremost of you all in belief, the most regardful about Allah's pledges, the most
just of you all in deciding matters of the people, the most equitable of you in distributing allowances
among the people, and the highest of you all in rank before Allah.'" On that occasion, the verse cited
above was revealed. In Chapter II of his Sawa'iq, Bin Hajar quotes Hafiz Jamalu'd-Din Muhammad Bin
Yusuf Zarandi Madani (a great scholar of your sect) as saying that when the above verse was revealed,
the Holy Prophet said: "O Ali, you and your Shia are the best of created beings. You and your Shias
will come on the Day of Judgement in such a condition that all of you will be pleased with Allah, and
Allah will be pleased with you. Your enemies will be resentful, and their hands shall be tied round their
necks." Then Ali asked who was his enemy. The Holy Prophet replied, "One who is hostile to you,
and who reviles you."
Allama Samhudi, in Jawahiru'l-Iqdain, on the authority of Hafiz Jamalu'd-Din Zarandi Madani and
Nuru'd-din Ali bin Muhammad bin Ahmad Maliki Makki, known as Ibn Sabbagh, who is regarded as
one of your distinguished scholars and eminent theologians, in his Fusulu'l-Muhimma relates from
Abdullah bin Abbas that when the verse under discussion was revealed, the Prophet said to Ali: "It is
you and your Shias. You and they will come on the Day of Judgement fully pleased and satisfied, while
your enemies will come in grief, with bound hands."
Mir Seyyed Ali Hamadani Shafi'i, one of your eminent scholars, in his Mawaddatu'l-Qurba, and the
well known anti-Shia scholar, Ibn Hajar, in his Sawa'iq-e Muhriqa narrate from Ummu'l-Mu'minin
Umme Salma, the wife of the Prophet, that the Holy Prophet said: "O Ali, you and your Shias will
abide in Paradise; you and your Shias will abide in Paradise." The well known scholar of Khawarizm,
Muwaffaq bin Ahmad, in his Manaqib, Chapter 19, relates on reliable authority that the Prophet said to
Ali: "In my community you are like the Messiah, Jesus, son of Mary." This statement implies that as the
followers of the Prophet Jesus were divided into three groups: the true believers, known as hawari'in,
the Jews, and the exaggerators, who associated him with Allah. In the same way Muslims would
become divided into three groups. One of them would be the Shias, the true believers. The other group
would be Ali's enemies, and the third group would be the exaggerators of his position.
SHIAS' MERITS PROVEN FROM
SUNNI BOOKS
The people then dispersed in response to the call for the Isha prayer. After the prayer, Mulla
Abdu'l-Hayy returned with a commentary by Suyuti, Mawaddatu'l-Qurba, the Musnad of Imam Ahmad
bin Hanbal, and the Manaqib of Khawarizmi. He read from them the hadith Well-Wisher had quoted in
his discussions by way of verification. Since his references had been accurate, the expressions of all
those in the opposite camp changed. In the meantime, in the Mawaddatu'l-Qurba, they came across
another hadith. The Prophet said: "O Ali, on the Day of Judgement, you and your Shias will come
before Allah fully satisfied and pleased, while your enemy will come in grief and with hands bound."
Well-Wisher: These are clear arguments supported by the Book of Allah, by authentic hadith, and
by history. Support for my position comes from the books of your own eminent scholars. These are in
addition to the numerous narrations that exist in the books and commentaries of Shias. Using the
books now before you, I could go on presenting arguments in support of the point under consideration
until tomorrow morning, by the grace of Allah; but I think that what I have presented should be enough
to dispel your doubts about Shias. Respected audience, we Shias are not Jews. We are followers of
the Prophet Muhammad. The originator of the word "Shia" as meaning "the followers of Ali," was not
the accursed Abdullah bin Saba, but the Prophet himself. We never follow any individual without
authoritative arguments in his favor. You said that it was after Uthman that the word "Shia" came to be
used referring to the followers of Ali. In fact, even in the Prophet's day, several noted companions
were called Shias. Hafiz Abu Hatim Razi, in his Az-Zainat, which he compiled for clarifying the
meanings of certain words and phrases current among scholars, says that the first new word that came
into general acceptance in Islam in the days of the Prophet was "Shia." The word was applied to four
prominent companions: Abu Dharr Ghifari, Salman Farsi, Miqdad bin Aswad Kindi, and Ammar Yasir.
Many more hadith were quoted in support of the same point. Now it is for you to consider how it was
possible that during the time of the Prophet four of his chief companions were called Shia. If the
Prophet thought it was innovation, why didn't he forbid the people to use it? The fact is that people
had heard from the Prophet himself that the followers (Shias) of Ali were the inhabitants of Heaven.
They were proud of it and openly called themselves Shias.
RANK OF SALMAN, ABU DHARR,
MIQDAD, AND AMMAR
You related a hadith from the Prophet saying: "Verily, my companions are like stars; whomever of
them you follow, you will be properly guided." Abu'l-Fida writes in his history that these four men,
who were companions of the Prophet, abstained, along with Ali, from paying allegiance to Abu Bakr,
on the Saqifa day. Why don't you consider their refusal to pay allegiance to be worthy of emulation?
Your own ulema have written that they were loved by Allah and His Prophet. We follow them, as they
followed Ali. Hence, according to your own hadith, we are on the path of guidance.
With your permission, and keeping in view the shortness of time, I present to you a few narrations in
support of my contention that these men were loved by Allah and the Prophet. Both Abu Nu'aim
Isfahani in Hilyatu'l-Auliya, Vol. I, p. 172, and Ibn Hajar Makki in the fifth hadith of the forty hadith
narrated in Sawa'iq-e Muhriqa in praise of Ali narrated from Tirmidhi, and Hakim from Buraida, that the
Prophet said: "Verily, Allah has commanded me to love four persons and has told me that He loves
them." When the people asked who these four persons were, he said: "Ali bin Abu Talib, Abu Dharr,
Miqdad, and Salman." Again, Ibn Hajar in Hadith No. 39 has narrated from Tirmidhi and Hakim from
Anas bin Malik that the Prophet said: "Paradise is eager for three individuals, Ali, Ammar, and
Salman." Isn't the action of these eminent companions of the Holy Prophet a model for other Muslims?
Isn't it shameful that in your view the companions are restricted to those persons who played the game
of Saqifa, or who acquiesced in it, while the others who opposed the strategy behind Saqifa are seen
as being unreliable? And if that be so, then the hadith you have quoted should have been: "Verily, a few
of my companions are like stars, etc."