Re: Surah Al Baqarah Verses 102
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Tafsir Surah 2 (Al Baqarah) - Verse 102 Harut and Marut on (Al Qadi 'Iyad Al Qurtubi and At Tabari)
We regularly find in Qur’an translations :
"And they followed what the devils tell against the reign of Sulayman. While Sulayman was never disbeliever but devils: they teach people magic and that which was revealed to the two angels Harut and Marut in Babylon, but they did not teach anybody anything, they did first said: “We are nothing that temptation is not a disbeliever” They learned from them the means to sow discord between man and wife. But they could not thus harm anyone except by Allah’s permission. And they learned what harmed them and they are not profitable. And they know, certainly, that he who acquires [the power] will have no share in the Hereafter. And vile was the price for which they sold their souls! If they only knew! ’
[Sura 2 - Verse 102]
Such a translation, however, is totally erroneous in view of the reality of this verse and the belief of Ahl Sunnah for Us Angels, we will demonstrate in this article if Allah wills. This is bad translation had to the fact that there is a discrepancy in the interpretation of this verse among exegetes, and many of them were content to report non-genuine stories from the people of the book to comment, including Jews, who are renowned for their slander of any kind about the Prophets and Angels (that Peace of Allah be upon them all). Moreover, Al Imam Isma’il Ibn Kathir (may Allah have mercy on him) said in his New Year Bidayah wa Nihayah: "Many stories were reported about them (Harut and Marut), most of its original Israelite. ’
And thus of the QA î 'Iya Musa ibn al-Maliki (Allah have mercy on him) said in his Kitab Ush Shifa °:
"Most of the stories told on this episode from the books of the Jews and their intervention, as Allah mentioned in the first verse of this story in which they slander and accuse him of Sulayman disbelief. That’s why we refer to this subject that illuminates these issues and reveals, if Allah wills.
Firstly, you must know that there was disagreement on the nature of Harut and Marut, two angels Are they human beings or two? [If they are angels], are they two angels mentioned [in this verse]? Should we read “malakayn - two angels” or “malikayn - two kings”? Is that the “ma” in both Divine Lyrics verse 102 of Surah Al Baqarah: “what (ma) is down to the two angels Harut and Marut in Babylon,” "However, they did not teach anything to anyone (wa ma min yu’allimâni a h … adin 'is a particle of negation or so?
Most scholars believe that Allah (Exalted be He) experienced by men who have two angels taught witchcraft and explained as witchcraft is kufr. So, who learned witchcraft mécroyait and whoever believed abandoned because these two angels say in the Qur ° dn: “We are a temptation is therefore not a disbeliever” [Sura 2 - Verse 102].
So teaching men fall an instruction to warn them, that is to say, they said to one who comes to learn that witchcraft: "Do not practice it, because it separates the husband and wife not use magic as a plot, because this is witchcraft, avoids disbelief! "In this way, the work of two Angels fall under obedience and attitude in what is for them an order is not disobedience. It would be only a temptation for people.
Ibn Wahb reported that they also spoke in the presence of Khalid ibn Abi 'Imran case of Harut and Marut, saying they taught witchcraft, he said: "We innocentons (angels in general) of such a practice. “And one of those who were present then read the verse this way:” wa unzila 'alal malakayn - and what was revealed to the two angels “omitting the particle” ma “, but Khalid corrected by saying” wa ma unzila - it was not revealed them. "
So, here Khalid who, with his reputation and science, two innocent angels can teach witchcraft while others feel that this is their only condition enabled to explain to people that this is disbelief and a test from Allah. But how, in such conditions, the innocent does not they major sins and unbelief mentioned in these stories?!
The expression of Khalid: “It was not revealed them - wa ma unzila” means that the “ma” is here a particle of negation. And this is also the position of Ibn 'Abbas.
And for its part, Al Makki said that all this amounts to saying: "Sulayman did not disbelieve, that is to say he did not disbelieve practicing sorcery invented by demons, which were followed in this by the Jews, and it was never revealed two angels (wa ma unzila 'alal malakayn). ’
Al Makki, and Mika are Jibreel ° it that Jews accuse of witchcraft made in the same way they accused Sulayman this. But then Allah’s denials about it. It was also said that Harut and Marut were two men who learned witchcraft and that are demons who disbelieved, teaching men magic that Harut and Marut are [the city] of Babylon.
For its part, Al asan H [Al Ba Ri s] said that Harut and Marut were two non-Arabs among the people of Babil. He thus read: “wa ma unzila 'alal malikayn - and what was revealed to the two kings” instead of malakayn (the two Angels). In this reading, the “ma” is an affirmative particle.
This is also the reading adopted by 'Abd Ur Man Ra h Ibn Abza unless he identified the two kings as Dawud and Sulayman here. According to the latter view, the “ma” is then here a particle of negation. As Samarqandi and reports that would rather two kings among the Bani Isra ° he had belittled Allah (thus the “ma” is an affirmative particle). However, reading that retains the term “al malikayn” is rather rare.
In conclusion, the interpretation of the verse according to what has been selected by Abu Mu ammad Al Makki h is good because it innocent Angels, get rid of any dirt and purifies. Especially Allah called them by the words: “mutahharûn - pure”, “Kiram - noble”, “Barakat - blessed,” "that point to disobey the order of Allah. ". ’
And we also categorically reject the interpretation that these two beings of Angels. As rightly said Imam Abu ‘Abdi Mu h ammad Llah Al Qur’an Al An Ubi t s ari (Allah have mercy on him) in his Tafsir entitled Jami’ Li Kam pm It Qur ° dn: "All what has been reported about it is weak and far from Ibn 'Umar and others. None of this is true. This is certainly a word that the foundations [of belief] to the angels, who are sincere custodians of Allah (Umaña Llah u °) of His revelation and His Ambassadors (Sufara °) to the Messengers, refuted. "They not disobey what Allah their point and are strictly control what He commands. “[Surah 66 - Ayah 6]” They are honored servants who do not speak before Him and act on His commands. “[Surah 21 - Verses 26 and 27]” They exalt the night and day, relentlessly. "[Surah 20 - Verse 21] … ’
Imam Abu Al and 'Mu h ammad Llah Abdi Al Qur’an Al An Ubi t s ari (Allah have mercy on him) also said in the 15th point of the commentary on this verse :
“Here,” ma "is negative and not a relative pronoun. This (verse) is had to the fact that the Jews had said: “Verily, Allah has revealed witchcraft Jibreel and Mika ° he” Allah then denied it. In this speech, it was suggested that would be had [usually] back. So the sentence has the following meaning: "Sulayman did not disbelieve and this thing (sorcery) has not been revealed to the two angels. Rather, it is Shaya t în who disbelieve. They taught men magic in the city of Babil, [and among them were] Harut and Marut. “Harut and Marut are Shaya t în who are appointed in His Word:” It is rather Shaya t în who disbelieve. "
This is the best interpretation of this verse that can be found and it is the most authentic in relation to what has been said on this subject. And no other interpretation should be any attention.
Witchcraft comes from Shaya t în because of the fineness of their substance and subtlety of understanding [in this area]. And most of those who practice among humans are also women, especially when they have their rules, and indeed Allah (Exalted be He) said: "And against the evil of those who blow on nodes "[Surah 113 - Verse 4].
And the poet said: "I seek refuge with my Lord against those who blow … ". ’
As for the history of this verse is this:
Imam al-Rabi 'Ibn Anas (Allah have mercy on him) said: "There was a period in which, whenever the Jews questioned the Prophet on a point of the Torah, Allah was down a verse that allowed him to their reply. Seeing this, they came to say: "This man is wiser than ourselves on what was sent to us! ". They decided to ask him about witchcraft and discuss with him on this subject. So Allah revealed the verse: “…] and they follow the texts dictated by demons about the reign of Sulayman …].” ’ [Tafsir Abari A t T].
And Imam Malik Ibn Abd Ul Jurayj (Allah have mercy on him) said: "The Shaya t în taught witchcraft to the Jews during the reign of Sulayman and it is after this reign they gave themselves (massively) to this witchcraft. ’ [Tafsir Abari A t T].
And Imam Isma’il Suddî As (Allah have mercy on him) stated:
"[At the time of Sulayman] t the Shaya în accessed from heaven to places where they could hear the words of the angels on that later arise on earth …]. They then passed these comments to the soothsayers who then revealed to people. Once the soothsayers had realized that these things are realized and thus their confidence with respect to t în Shaya was well backed up, they began to lie to them about introducing that they did not heard, to add to every word true 70 additional words. However, these men maintained accounts and written about in the rumor spread among the Bani Isra ° jinns that he knew the unseen world (al ghayb).
Sulayman then sent emissaries to the people so that they meet all these stories. When this was finished, he placed these texts in a box that was buried under his throne, and no demon could then be approached without being immediately consumed. Sulayman then warns that those who claim that the jinns known the unseen world (al ghayb) would be put to death.
After his death, and once all the scholars who knew the case died, Satan appeared in the guise of a human being with a group of Bani Isra ° and he said, "I’ll give you a treasure that you n 'épuiserez ever! ’
They replied, "Okay! ’
He said: "So Dig beneath the throne of [Sulayman]. ’
He then walked with them there, and, while staying away (not to be consumed), told them where they were digging. [As they were astonished at his attitude], they asked him why he did not approach. [He ducked their question by saying] "I’m here in your hands, if you find nothing, then kill me! ’
They dug and found the texts in question. Satan told them: "It is this sorcery [recorded in these texts] that Sulayman exerted its influence on men, devils and birds. ’
And thus spread among the Bani Isra ° view that it Sulayman was a sorcerer, and Bani Isra ° It retained these writings until the arrival of Mu ammad h (that the Hi and the peace of Allah be upon him) and used them to controvert with him …] "[Tafsir Abari A t T].
These are the main gain knowledge about this verse, therefore we translate as follows:
"And they followed what the devils tell against the reign of Sulayman. While Sulayman was never disbeliever (mâ Kafara Sulayman), it is rather Harut and Marut devils who were: they taught the people sorcery, and it has never been down on the two Angels [Jibreel He and Mika °] (wa ma unzila 'alal malakayn) to Babylon. However, they did not teach anyone without their having first said: “We are nothing but temptation is not a disbeliever” they (people) learned with d them the means to sow discord between man and wife. But they could not thus harm anyone except by permission of Allah. And they learned what harmed them and they are not profitable. And certainly they know that he who acquires [the power] will have no share in the Hereafter. What horrible price for which they sold their souls! If they only knew! ’
And we conclude with this prayer taken from the Qur’an:
ربنا لا تزغ قلوبنا بعد إذ هديتنا وهب لنا من لدنك رحمة إنك أنت الوهاب
"The Rabbana tuzigh qulubanâ ba’da hab lana wa idh hadaytanâ min ~ ra h ladunka matan, innaka antal Wahhab - O our Lord! Do not turn our hearts after we have guided and spreads mercy on us, Thou art the Giver of course all grace (Al Wahhab)! ’
[Sura 3 - Verse 8]
It is just a basic information however i’ll try to upload when i get hold on those missing strings 
i’ll try to post in details