Re: Split Afghanistan
Hi on Hi-Shish!
You are ignoring a big shateer (a huge wooden beam) in your behind while pointing to little tinka (fine piece of cloth) in someone's eye. Have some mercy! Will ya?
The biggest Car-toon is when someone claiming to be Push toon says Hazara is his brother. Wow this is news to me?
Re: Split Afghanistan
:Dfrom what i’ve heard…americans govern pakistan…that’s why paki economy did so “well” last year:D:halo:
Re: Split Afghanistan
I think Afghanistan is a war torn state and cannot survive on its own, and the various ethnicities hate each other there, they have a history of warfare for the last what 20-30 years, I think they should just be split up, based on the ethnicities. Pashtun dominated areas merged with Pakistan (the anti-pakistani pashtuns here dream about unification, this is the only way it can happen), Iran gets the farsiwans, and Uzbeks Tajiks etc can join the upper states. How does that sound?
I am sorry, you really don't know what you are talking about. I am totally against any split in my country but I really appreciate these pro-Pukhtoonkhwa Pathans. There is no other political group in Pakistan in the recent history, who have tried to convery their message with such peaceful attitude. Though they are not a majority in N-W.F.P. but still they are in considerable numbers. Their processions are always peaceful without violence. Compare that to any other political party in Pakistan: JI, PPP, PML; their processions always lead to destruction of someones property. Other parties should learn from them.
Re: Split Afghanistan
american influence on pakistan is very bad. they need to get rid off it. pakistan is totally under the thumb of america. the question is how does one break this control. afghanistan is probably being pressured by the USA to file complaints about pakistan. i am sure the afghans wil not want trouble.
how come iran and india are not so subservient to america? pakistan has a very good chance to do well but unfortunately every decaded america has this way of intervening and i feel its causing pressure on the country. the whole bombing in waziristan thingie only happened because america is pressuring the pakistanis to do it and this has alienated people from the armed forces and their involment in politics.
Re: Split Afghanistan
The biggest Car-toon is when someone claiming to be Push toon says Hazara is his brother. Wow this is news to me?
I am sure this is news to Dostam as well!
Re: Split Afghanistan
The biggest Car-toon is when someone claiming to be Push toon says Hazara is his brother. Wow this is news to me?
there are many pashtuns and hazara's who have good relations. just because there was bad blood between the 2 it does nt mean they all hate each other. in fact the way they have united and come together under 1 nation is amazing. after al that trouble and they can all sit as one. afghanistan has a very strong sense of national pride and unity. the only problems it has are the pashtu vs dari issue and farsiwans vs pashtuns vying for control issue. .
pakistanis are more and more becoming more nationalistic in terms of ethnicity.
muslims find it very hard to mix outside of their ethnic groups. the pakistani punjabi muslims and the kashmir muslims tend to pray in their own mosques whilst pashtuns and chachies tend to have their own. on top of that the bengali muslims, gujarati muslims blah bah blah all have their own mosques. they do let others join of course but the whole biradari issue affects the mosques too.
it is easy to stereotype and say all hazaras and pashtuns hate each other but this is not reality. the reality is that different individuals have different feelings and things are moving forwardly slowly in afghanistan.
Re: Split Afghanistan
you have an afghan friend? LOL. does he read how much you "trash" them here? Not just any Afghan but you have one who fought for the Northern Alliance which slaughtered many Pakistanis!
Re: Split Afghanistan
Plus, I dont trash them, I only counter their bakwas... They are the enemy of the country, why should a be nice?
Re: Split Afghanistan
No he is a descent person.. I have no problem with him. He dislikes the Pakhtuns as much as I do.. He agreed that Pathans should never be allowed to join Afghnaistan..
Although he is more forgiving.. Said that he hated most pakistanis and Pathans included until he met them and realized they werent all Taliban… And he didnt slaughter anyone as far as he knows… He told me that he was a sniper, but never really knew if he killed someone for sure.
After the fall of the Taliban, he said he was actually singled out by some of the CNN there for being among the few who were actually nice to some of these people by not treating them badly.
He has a really interesting story infact, speaks about six languages including russian, and he was working for the BBC as a translator in Afghanistan and Islamabad.
He was in documentary by CNN in which he said he would like to be a doctor and he was seen by the head of the university im in and was given a scholorship…
So very interesting person. ALOT better then the majority of the Afghan refugees, who just happen to ingrate Pakhtuns.
Re: Split Afghanistan
Pakistan-Afghanistan Border is a Settled Issue
About twenty-three miles south of Pillar XII, which is erected on the Saricol range of Pamir, lies the beginning of the “North West Frontier”. Pillar XII is located at latitude 37o20’5"N and longitude 74o24’50"E. It was erected by a joint Anglo-Russian Commission in September1895, on the left bank of a tributary of the Tegermen-Su river, one mile from its mouth; and it is the last among pillars, which carry the Russo-Afghan frontier from the eastern end of Lake Victoria (Wood’s Lake) to the Chinese frontier.
The protocol embodying the final agreement was signed on July 22, 1887 and is known as the Pamir Agreement. The demarcated boundary according to the ‘The Pamir Agreement’ remains unchanged to this day. This border is internationally recognized as the border between Russia and Afghanistan.
The Afghan frontier turns west from Pillar XII and follows the northern ridge of the Sarikol Range bordering the Taghdumbash Pamir. It then curves southward over the Wakhjir Pass to join the present Pakistan-Afghan frontier, which is often referred to as the Durand line. While negotiating the Durand Line, Amir Abdul Rahman Khan of Afghanistan had received a British mission in a formal Durbar which was held in November 1893, in the Salam Khana Hall, where the civil and military officers of Kabul and chiefs of various tribes were present.
The Amir in his speech gave an outline to the audience of all the understanding which had been agreed upon and the provisions which had been signed, and urged upon them the necessity for adhering firmly to British alliance. He pointed out that the interests of Afghanistan and England were identical.
The Amir further told the audience that it was for the first time that Afghanistan had a definite frontier which would prevent future misunderstandings and would render Afghanistan strong and powerful after it had been consolidated with the aid in arms and ammunition which would be received from the British.
The demarcation of the Durand Line was carried out in fulfilment of the AngloAfghan agreement’ of November 12, 1893 between Amir Abdul Rahman Khan of Afghanistan and Sir Henry Mortimer Durand, Foreign Secretary to the Government of India.
The demarcation of the Indo-Afghan frontier, as defined in the above mentioned agreement, was divided into sections and was carried out for the most part by the joint Anglo-Afghan Commission during the year 1894-1896. In 1947, the Indian sub-continent emerged as two independent dominions of India and Pakistan. West Pakistan by right of its location inherited the former North West Frontier of India and the Indo-Afghan boundary established vide the agreement of 1893.
There are some circles who continue to spread disinformation that the agreement was signed under duress and has a validity of 100 years. Unfortunately, the propaganda emanates from a country in the neighbourhood of Pakistan. This country also instigates anti Pakistan elements in the Afghan government to issue controversial statements undermining Pak-Afghan relations. A host of websites of this country also disseminate anti Pakistan propaganda. It is therefore necessary to put the facts in the correct perspective as follows:
• The International Border between Pakistan and Afghanistan is based on the map attached with the original Agreement of 1893.
• Clause 6 of the Agreement clearly states that the agreement is regarded by both the parties as a full and satisfactory settlement of all the principal differences of opinion which have arisen between them. The Agreement has been reaffirmed by successive Afghan rulers.
• 1905 Treaty with Amir HabibullahKhan continuing the Agreements which had existed between the British Government and Amir Abdul Rahman Khan. Para 2 states “I also have acted, am acting and will act upon the same agreement and I will not contravene them in any dealing or in any promise.”
• Treaty of peace between the British Government and the Independent Afghan Government concluded at Rawalpindi on 8th August 1919. Article 5 states that "the Afghan Government accepts the Indo-Afghan frontier accepted by the Late Amir.”
• Friendly and Commercial Relations treaty between Great Britain and Afghanistan at Kabul on 22 November 1921. Article 2 of the treaty states that, “The two high contracting parties accept the Indo-Afghan frontier as accepted by the Afghan Government under Article V of the treaty concluded at Rawalpindi on 8th August 1919.”
• Notes were exchanged between His Majesty’s Government and Afghan Minister in London, 1930 (His Highness General Shah Wali Khan to Mr. Arthur Henderson), Afghan Legation 6th May 1930. Both parties ~greed that it was their understanding that the Treaty of Kabul of 22 November 1921 continued to have full force and effect.
• On 13 June 1948, Shah Wali Khan, the Afghan envoy to Pakistan declared, " Our King has already stated, and I, as the representative of Afghanistan, declare that Afghanistan has no claims on frontier territory and even if there were any, they have been given up in favour of Pakistan. Anything contrary to this which may have appeared in the press in the past or may appear in the future should not be given credence at all and should be considered just a canard."
The Pak-Afghan International Border has sound technical and legal background. According to international law, treaties of the extinct state concerning boundary lines remain valid and all rights and duties arising from such treaties of the extinct state devolve on the absorbing state. Pakistan is the successor state of British India. The following is worth mentioning:
• A country to country treaty does not need any revision unless both parties desire change.
• International Agreement once finally concluded can be revoked only bilaterally and not unilaterally.
• Unless otherwise provided in the concluded treaty about its duration, the treaty becomes of a permanent nature. This is applicable to the 1893 Treaty Agreement.
• International Law does not lay down the maximum life period of one hundred years for an internationally concluded border agreement between the two states, when fixed border validity has not been mentioned in its text.
It goes beyond doubt to say that the international border between Pakistan and Afghanistan is a settled matter and is globalfy accepted. It is supported by International Law and the treaty of 1893 has been ratified several times by successive Afghan governments.
Durand Line / Treaty
As long as Afghanistan refuses to accept the Durand Line as the permanent international boundary between Pakistan and Afghanistan, there is no reliable way to combat extremism and terrorism in the region.
Durand Line – the present border between Afghanistan and Pakistan – was agreed to as official boundary line between British India and Afghanistan on 12 November 1893. Sir Henry Mortimer Durand from the British side and Amir Abdul Rahman Khan from the Afghan side signed the historical document.
Pakistan and Afghanistan, as successor states, are bound to honour this agreement.
The present spread of religious intolerance and extremism in the region is, in great part, attributable to the fact that the successive and successor governments of Afghanistan have declined to accept the Durand Line as permanent boundary between the two countries. Uncertainty of the boundary rules and impermanent nature of the physical border are playing in favour of extremist elements on both sides of the dividing line.
Moreover, there was a whisper campaign a while ago that the Durand Line agreement was valid for 100 years and after that the document is legally null and void now. The original text shows that there is no time-expiry clause in the agreement.
Here is the complete text of the agreement:
Agreement
between
His Highness Amir Abdul Rahman Khan, G.C.E.I
Amir of Afghanistan and its Dependencies, on the one part,
and
Sir Henry Mortimer Durand, K.C.I.E., C.S.I.,
Foreign Secretary to the Government of India,
representing the Government of India, on the other part
Whereas certain questions have arisen regarding the frontier of Afghanistan on the side of India, and whereas both His Highness the Amir and the Government of India are desirous of settling these questions by a friendly understanding, and of fixing the limit of their respective spheres of influence, so that for the future there may be no difference of opinion on the subject between the allied Governments, it is hereby agree as follows:
The eastern and southern frontier of High Highness’s dominions, from Wakhan to the Persian border, shall follow the line shown in the map attached to this agreement.
The British Government of India will at no time exercise interference in the territories lying beyond this line on the side of Afghanistan, and His Highness the Amir will at no time exercise interference in the territories lying beyond this line on the side of India.
The British Government thus agrees to His Highness the Amir retaining Asmar and the valley above it, as far as Chanak. His Highness agrees on the other hand that he will at no time exercise interference in Swat, Bajaur or Chitral, including the Arnawai or Bashgal valley. The British Government also agrees to leave to His Highness the Birmal tract as shown in the detailed map already given to High Highness, who relinquishes his claim to the rest of the Waziri country and Dawar. His Highness also relinquishes his claim to Chageh [now, Chagai. Ed.].
The frontier line will hereafter be laid down in detail and demarcated, wherever this may be practicable and desirable, by Joint British and Afghan Commissioners, whose object will be to arrive by mutual understanding at a boundary which shall adhere with the greatest possible exactness to the line shown in the map attached to this agreement, having due regard to the existing local rights of villages adjoining the frontier.
With reference to the question of Chaman, the Amir withdraws his objection to the new British Cantonment and concedes to the British Government the rights purchased by him in the Sirkai-Tilerai water. At this part of the frontier, the line will be drawn as follows:
From the crest of Khwaja Amran range near the Pasha Kotal, which remains in British territory, the line will run in such a direction as to leave Murgha Chaman and the Sharobo spring to Afghanistan, and to pass half way between the New Chaman Fort and the Afghan outpost known locally as Lashkar Dand. The line will then pass half way between the railway station and the hill known as the Mian Baldak, and, turning southwards, will rejoin the Khwaja Arman range, leaving the Gwasha Post in British territory, and the road to Shorawak to the west and south of Gwasha in Afghanistan. The British Government will not exercise any interference within half a mile of the road.
The above articles of agreement are regarded by the government of India and His Highness the Amir of Afghanistan as a full and satisfactory settlement of all the principal differences of opinion which have arisen between them in regard to the frontier; and both the Government of India and His Highness the Amir undertake that any differences of detail, such as those which will have to be considered hereafter by the officers appointed to demarcate the boundary line, shall be settled in a friendly spirit, so as to remove for the future as far as possible all causes of doubt and misunderstanding between the two Governments.
Being fully satisfied of His Highness’s good-will to the British Government, and wishing to see Afghanistan independent and strong, the Government of India will raise no objection to the purchase and import by His Highness of munitions of war, and they will themselves grant him some help in this respect. Further, in order to mark their sense of the friendly spirit in which High Highness the Amir has entered into these negotiations, the Government of India undertake to increase by the sum of six lakhs of rupees a year the subsidy of twelve lakhs now granted to His Highness.
(Signed) H. M. Durand
(Signed) Amir Abdul Rahman Khan
Kabu, the 12th November 1893
Note: Original agreement is available in the national archive of Pakistan. This report has been produced from the copy available at the Area Study Centre, Peshawar University.
Published with permission.
One Lakh = 100000
Views on the issue of Pak-Afghan border:
Knowing the bitter enmity between Tajiks/Hazaras and Pashtuns in Afghanistan, I seriously doubt if Tajiks/Hazaras will allow Afghanistan to become 75% Pashtun (from 40%) by only integrating Pashtun areas of Pakistan. The current Tajik-dominated Afghan govt has been oppressing Pashtuns in Afghanistan. In fact there are Tajik bigoted nationalists who are fiercely anti-Pashtun/Afghanistan: http://members.tripod.com/~khorasan/Miscellaneous/why.html And when the Pashtuns ruled Afghanistan under Taliban they massacred thousands of Hazaras in Mazar-e-Sharif and others.
NWFP of Pakistan is not all Pashtun, large areas of this land are Hindkowi, Shina, Khowari, Gujjar, etc. most linguistically related to Punjabi. Majority of Baluchistan is Baluch who also have bitter rivalry with the Afghans and do not want to be part of Afghanistan.
Millions of Pashtuns inhabit in the provinces of Punjab and Sindh such as cities like Karachi, Lahore, Islamabad… not to mention millions of Afghan refugees in Pakistan.
Why should only Pashtun areas of Pakistan be merged to Afghanistan? Afghanistan is a multi-ethnic country like Pakistan. Should Tajikistan lay claim to Tajik lands of Afghanistan, Uzbekistan to Uzbek lands in Afghanistan, Turkmenistan to Turkmen lands in Afghanistan, etc.
If Durand Line of boundary is artificial, then not only Pashtun lands of Pakistan, but “all” of Pakistan should merge to Afghanistan because the “original” Afghanistan included today’s Pakistan and Afghanistan. And if Durand Line of boundary is artificial then how valid are the boundaries between Afghanistan and Tajikistan, Uzbekistan, Turkmenistan, Iran, etc… or all countries of Middle East (Sykes-Picot treaty).. created by former European colonialists such as the British, French, and Russians. Lets not forget the “Great Game” on how the Brits and Ruskies created Afghanistan’s boundaries as a buffer zone between them.
More views on the issue of Pakistan-Afghanistan border:
Afghanistan was created in 1747 AD by the Punjab-born Pashtun named Ahmed Shah Abdali. The fact is Abdali conquered the Tajiks, Hazaras, Uzbeks, Turkmens, Baluchis, Punjabis, etc. This was a forceful occupation of various lands/peoples subdued to the Abdali monarchy.
Now many people can argue that Afghanistan’s creation was illegal because the land belonged to Iran-based Safavids/Sassanians/etc and India-based Mughals/Mauryas/etc until Abdali’s creation in 1747 AD. But the fact of the matter is people and its lands constantly evolve to new geo-political environments changing boundaries and nationhoods.
I think Afghanistan’s creation was legal in the same way Pakistan, Tajikistan, Uzbekistan, etc. were created later on. The boundaries between Iran and Afghanistan, Afghanistan and Pakistan, Afghanistan and Tajikistan/Uzbekistan/Turkmenistan, etc were created by the British and Russians. So the few Afghans beating the drum of Durand Line (Pak-Afghan boundary) is pointless. By the same token, all boundaries of Afghanistan are questionable.
Here are some references:
On the Abdali invasions:
"Ahmad Shah began by capturing Ghazni from the Ghilzai Pashtuns, and then wresting Kabul from the local ruler. In 1749 the Mughal ruler ceded sovereignty over Sindh Province and the areas west of the Indus River to Ahmad Shah in order to save his capital from Afghan attack. Ahmad Shah then set out westward to take possession of Herat, which was ruled by Nadir Shah’s grandson, Shah Rukh. Herat fell to Ahmad after almost a year of siege and bloody conflict, as did Mashhad (in present-day Iran). Ahmad next sent an army to subdue the areas north of the Hindu Kush. In short order, the powerful army brought under its control the Turkmen, Uzbek, Tajik, and Hazara tribes ".
We know how the Russians (Soviets) created Tajikistan, Uzbekistan, and Turkmenistan… now on the Afghan-Iran boundaries created by the British/Russians:
"Russian influence at the Iranian court, which prompted the Russians to support Iran in its attempt to take Herat… In 1837 Iran advanced on Herat with the support and advice of Russian officers.
"In 1863 Dost Mohammad retook Herat with British acquiescence.
The boundary with Iran was firmly delineated in 1904, replacing the ambiguous line made by a British commission in 1872. Agreement could not be reached, however, on sharing the waters of the Helmand River".
By the way, I am sure Afghans know how all Arab countries were created by the French and British (Sykes-Picot treaty).
Re: Split Afghanistan
it is not a settled issue, there was no pakistan then, and plus that article ahs been cut up, if I cna find the link Ill send it. No pashtun accepts the durand, thats how it was then, thats how it is now, and thats how it will be.
Re: Split Afghanistan
People in NWFP are fine with the durand line its the other side where people just want to flock in to Pakistan for money/better life/resources. Durand Line -> Border of Afghanistan Pakistan, and thats the way it was, and will be.
Re: Split Afghanistan
OK Baboo Khan. Don't accept the reality and continue getting smacked on the beeee-hind.
Re: Split Afghanistan
Also, talibobs were pure pashtun and enjoyed cordial relations with pakistan and they never talked about any pashutunistan issues unlike the pro-indian farsiwaan regimes of the past. This just proves the pashtuns have no issue with Pakistan about the durand line etc, infact 99.547% of the people in Afghanistan dont even know what the durand line is.
Re: Split Afghanistan
Durand Line is as valid as all other boundaries of Afghanistan, and the article and the Durand agreement itself I posted proves it !
Some additional facts:
Knowing the bitter enmity between Tajiks/Hazaras and Pashtuns in Afghanistan, I seriously doubt if Tajiks/Hazaras will allow Afghanistan to become 75% Pashtun (from 40%) by only integrating Pashtun areas of Pakistan. The current Tajik-dominated Afghan govt has been oppressing Pashtuns in Afghanistan. In fact there are Tajik bigoted nationalists who are fiercely anti-Pashtun/Afghanistan: http://members.tripod.com/~khorasan/Miscellaneous/why.html And when the Pashtuns ruled Afghanistan under Taliban they massacred thousands of Hazaras in Mazar-e-Sharif and others.
NWFP of Pakistan is not all Pashtun, large areas of this land are Hindkowi, Shina, Khowari, Gujjar, etc. most linguistically related to Punjabi. Majority of Baluchistan is Baluch who also have bitter rivalry with the Afghans and do not want to be part of Afghanistan.
Millions of Pashtuns inhabit in the provinces of Punjab and Sindh such as cities like Karachi, Lahore, Islamabad… not to mention millions of Afghan refugees in Pakistan.
Why should only Pashtun areas of Pakistan be merged to Afghanistan? Afghanistan is a multi-ethnic country like Pakistan. Should Tajikistan lay claim to Tajik lands of Afghanistan, Uzbekistan to Uzbek lands in Afghanistan, Turkmenistan to Turkmen lands in Afghanistan, etc.
If Durand Line of boundary is artificial, then not only Pashtun lands of Pakistan, but “all” of Pakistan should merge to Afghanistan because the “original” Afghanistan included today’s Pakistan and Afghanistan. And if Durand Line of boundary is artificial then how valid are the boundaries between Afghanistan and Tajikistan, Uzbekistan, Turkmenistan, Iran, etc… or all countries of Middle East (Sykes-Picot treaty).. created by former European colonialists such as the British, French, and Russians. Lets not forget the “Great Game” on how the Brits and Ruskies created Afghanistan’s boundaries as a buffer zone between them.
Afghanistan was created in 1747 AD by the Punjab-born Pashtun named Ahmed Shah Abdali. The fact is Abdali conquered the Tajiks, Hazaras, Uzbeks, Turkmens, Baluchis, Punjabis, etc. This was a forceful occupation of various lands/peoples subdued to the Abdali monarchy.
Now many people can argue that Afghanistan’s creation was illegal because the land belonged to Iran-based Safavids/Sassanians/etc and India-based Mughals/Mauryas/etc until Abdali’s creation in 1747 AD. But the fact of the matter is people and its lands constantly evolve to new geo-political environments changing boundaries and nationhoods.
I think Afghanistan’s creation was legal in the same way Pakistan, Tajikistan, Uzbekistan, etc. were created later on. The boundaries between Iran and Afghanistan, Afghanistan and Pakistan, Afghanistan and Tajikistan/Uzbekistan/Turkmenistan, etc were created by the British and Russians. So the few Afghans beating the drum of Durand Line (Pak-Afghan boundary) is pointless. By the same token, all boundaries of Afghanistan are questionable.
Re: Split Afghanistan
First of all I am aware of the enmity between tajiks and pashtuns, however ask a tajik if he/she wouldn't want pakistan to break, and I bet you the answer will be yes. Second of the areas non-pashtun of pakistan were part of his empire, Ahmad Shah Baba was chosen by a tribal commitee of Pashtun(afghan) tribes, as well as some Qizalbash he had in his army. But the jirga were pashtuns and chose Ahmad Shah Baba as the King of the Afghans, hence the name of Afghanistan, it literally mean land of the pashtuns. Sassanid was an empire, and many consider it the only empire after Shtar Yima that managed to have the Iranic people united in one area. So, that pretty much cuts sassanids out, The Mughal did not ocntrol pashtun territory, they were unable to control, adn second of all they came into power with the help of Pashtuns. If Tajikistan lost soem land, or had signed a treaty with the British, then there would have been a problem. They would claimed the land (whatever they are claiming), so thats a terrible assumption right there. Ahmad Shah Baba wasn't born in punjab, and even if he was it doesn't change the fact he was afghan, and a patriot pashtun, as evident from his poetry and life.
Re: Split Afghanistan
What the tajiks think about us dont matter, Pakistan is Pakistan and will stay that way, any tajik wajik can try and take panga with us, we shall blow em out of the stars.
Re: Split Afghanistan
good do what you will, but stop using as some logic, if you can't back it up.
Re: Split Afghanistan
Give NWFP to Afghanistan .The strong anti-pak sentiment in Afghanistan demands that.It is better for Pakistan to reduce its activities in Afghanistan ,atleast for the time being,to wait and watch the things.Any political unrest or instability in Afghanistan will bleed Pakistan.
I.S.I should try to unite the warring war lords rather creating ridges between them.Remember,any coverted/subverive actions inside Afghanistan by Pakistan/I.S.I will be watched by the western world.
Re: Split Afghanistan
The Pashtun founder of Afghanistan, Ahmed Shah Abdali, was born in Multan, Punjab of PAKISTAN !
The word Afghan in the past might have meant Pashtun, but that meaning evolved to another one. Today, an Afghan is defined as only a citizen of present-day Afghanistan regardless of ethnicity. There are countless other examples on how a word’s meaning evolves to a different one over time.
Ahmed Shah Abdali had previously served under the Turkic ruler of Iran, Nadir Shah. Upon Nadir Shah’s death, Abdali took the opportunity to create his Afghanistan in 1747 AD from the renmants of Nadir Shah’s empire. According to Encyclopaedia Britannica: “Ahmad Shah began by capturing Ghazni from the Ghilzai Pashtuns, and then wresting Kabul from the local ruler. In 1749 the Mughal ruler ceded sovereignty over Sindh Province and the areas west of the Indus River to Ahmad Shah in order to save his capital from Afghan attack. Ahmad Shah then set out westward to take possession of Herat, which was ruled by Nadir Shah’s grandson, Shah Rukh. Herat fell to Ahmad after almost a year of siege and bloody conflict, as did Mashhad (in present-day Iran). Ahmad next sent an army to subdue the areas north of the Hindu Kush. In short order, the powerful army brought under its control the Turkmen, Uzbek, Tajik, and Hazara tribes”. The fact is Abdali conquered the Tajiks, Hazaras, Uzbeks, Turkmens, Baluchis, Punjabis, etc. This was a forceful occupation of various lands/peoples subdued to the Abdali monarchy.
Prior to 1747 AD, the region of Afghanistan was ruled by Persian Achaemenians and Sassanians, Greeks, Scythians, Hepthalites, Arabs, Turks, and many others. Mauryas and Mughals ruled a large portion of Afghanistan (almost all of Pashtun areas). The extent of their rule and local rebellions can be argued, but the plain fact remains they were under their rule. Here are some maps that proves my point: HugeDomains.com
The fact is boundaries between Iran and Afghanistan, Afghanistan and Pakistan, Afghanistan and Tajikistan/Uzbekistan/Turkmenistan, etc were created by the British and Russians. The ethnicity-based countries like Tajikistan, Uzbekistan, & Turkmenistan have much more stronger claims to Tajik, Turkmen, & Uzbek lands of Afghanistan because Afghanistan is a multi-ethnic country like Pakistan and has no right to claim only Pashtun lands of Pakistan. How about Pakistan claiming Pashtun lands of Afghanistan instead since Pashtuns are being oppressed in Afghanistan, Pashtuns in Pakistan are comparatively much more prosperous, and Afghans are desperate to flee to Pakistan! No Pakistani Pashtun wants to be part of the ****-hole called Afghanistan.. what a joke!