“…in the remaining Dogra area, 237,000 Muslims were systematically exterminated, unless they escaped to Pakistan along the border, by all the forces of the Dogra State headed by the Maharaja in person and aided by Hindus and Sikhs.”
The Times of London, October 10, 1947
Cambridge History of Islam
“Unlike every part of the state, Hindus and Sikhs slightly outnumbered Muslims, and within a period of about 11 weeks, starting in August, systemic savageries …practically eliminated the Muslim element in the population, amounting to 500,000 people. About 200,000 just disappeared, remaining untraceable, having been butchered of died from epidemic or exposure. The rest fled to West Punjab.”
The Statesman, Calcutta
Kashmir in Conflict
“The mad orgy of Dogra violence against unarmed Muslims should put any self-respecting human being to shame. I saw armed bands of ruffians and soldiers shooting down and hacking to pieces helpless Muslim refugees heading towards Pakistan… I saw en route State officials freely distributing arms and ammunition among the Dogras… From the hotel room where I was detained in Jammu I counted as many as twenty-six villages burning one night and all through the night rattling fire of automatic weapons could be heard from the surrounding refugee camps.”
Kashmir Times, October 28, 1947
Most contemporary reports in both the international and Indian media seem to agree on the 200,000+ figure.
Horrifying, isn’t it?
In the district of Jammu alone, the Muslim population fell by about 110,000 between 1941-51.
It spread to Mirpur, Muzaffarabad, and Gilgit pretty quickly. I’ve met plenty of people from those areas who are still proudly talk about how their grandparents expelled the Maharaja’s forces so they could join Pakistan.
Meh…in the summer of 1947, the state assembly of Jammu & Kashmir overwhelmingly voted in favor of a bill demanding that the Maharaja sign the state over to Pakistan. I don’t think it was just a Mirpuri/Poonchi thing.
No one is denying that.
The fact remains that, contrary to popular belief, Indian soldiers were the first to arrive in Kashmir.