Re: Who Are the Shias…
this is the earliest source out of all the references you’ve copied-and-pasted (Ibn Sa’ad died 230H) and therefore the basis on which later writers either drew their conclusions or merely repeated what Ibn Sa’ad wrote…
his chain of transmission for this is
Muhammad ibn Umar [al Waqidi] related to us, saying: Abdul Rahman ibn Abi Zinad related to us on the authority of Abu Ja’far al Fari, the freed slave of Ibn Abbas al Makhzumi, who said: “The Egyptians who…”
there’s a reason why i’ve highlighted the first narrator in the chain (Muhammad ibn Umar al Waqidi) because:
al Bukhari said: “Rejected in hadith”
Muslim said: “Rejected in hadith”
al Nasai said: “Rejected in hadith”
Abu Zura al Razi said: “The people have abandoned his hadith”
Cf. al Jami fi Jarh wa Ta’dil (3/pp.57-58/#4083: Alim al Kutub, 1996)
Ahmed ibn Hanbal said: “He is a liar who inverts hadith”
Yahya ibn Ma’in said: “Do not write his hadith”
Abu Hatim said: “A hadith fabricator”
Ibn Rahawiyya said: “In my view, he is a hadith fabricator”
Cf. Mizan al Itidal (3/pp.662-665/#7993: Dar al Ma’rifa, n.d.)
any remarks in favour of al Waqidi - and there are some - pale into insignificance in light of the above despite the fact that he is known for speaking and writing at length on history… but narrating historical accounts that have no legislative bearing is one thing, yet it is an entirely different matter to rely on a reporter of his standing to cast aspersions, especially if implicating the companions of the Prophet (saw) since we can thereby reject al Waqidi’s testimony outright
this is the second earliest source you’ve cited (the author died 463H)… he in fact wrote right after the point where the above quote stops: “No one has said that he killed Uthman”
Ibn Sa’ad, your earliest source, has three narrations that i can see implicating Abdul Rahman ibn Udays and all of them are from al Waqidi