Re: The ummah exists - it’s neither islamic nor religious
a good articel about historical ummah
In seventeenth century India, Emperor Jahangir had his son Khusrau’s eyes gouged out as punishment for a premature bid for the throne and Shah Jehan had all potential male contenders put to death to secure his position. Aurangzeb, renowned for his Islamic piety, had no scruples in killing his three brothers to wrest the Mughal throne. He even had the severed head of Dara Shikoh delivered to their distraught father, the imprisoned former emperor Shah Jehan, as payback for his having favoured Dara as his successor. Between them, these three Great Mughal emperors destroyed other independent Muslim entities in India, most notably the states of Bijapur and Golconda in the south, which were already weakened by the same rivalries and wars which characterised Muslim states elsewhere.
http://www.dailytimes.com.pk/default.asp?page=story_24-3-2005_pg3_2