Re: The Province Urdu, and its City of Urdu
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Per your claim, if Urdu is closer to Persian/Arabic/Turkish then how come Urdu-speakers cannot understand Persian, Arabic, or Turkish except for a few words.
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Those "few" words run in THOUSANDS and THOUSANDS. I had a Palestinian friend in Pakistan who used to say that he can understand almost 50% of Daily Jang.
The main difference is pronunciation. It is because of pronunciation that all these languages seem different when spoken.
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On the other hand, Urdu speakers can understand almost all of Hindi, and vice versa.
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Not exactly true. What many Bharatis call "Hindi" is actually Urdu, and this is why Urdu speakers can understand it. However, the real Hindi, as in Hindi news, is hardly understandable to Urdu speakers. It would be a big deal if we can understand even a single sentence of true Hindi.
The only time when Urdu and Hindi speakers can understand each other is when Hindi speakers use Urdu words (even when they insist on calling it 'Hindi').
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In fact Hindi and Urdu were known as Hindustani language until they were "communalized" at Fort Williams College during British rule.
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There has never been any language known as "Hindustani" language. It's very strange coming out of a person who belongs to South Asia.
This name was given by British to the language used in and around Delhi prior to their coming.
A single college does not "communalize" any language. There was a language known as Urdu many years before Fort Williams College. Until the time of this College, Turkish had already become a distant memory here. The name Urdu itself points to the fact that this name was given during the time Turkish still was being spoken by Turkic people in South Asia.
As far as the root of Urdu, Hindi, etc. is concerned, it is quite obvious that not just Urdu, Hindi, Hindustani, etc., but also Sindhi, Punjabi, Gujrati, etc. were all originated from a single vernacular. Basic grammer and syntax of all these languages is almost the same.
That is why a person speaking Punjabi has absolutely no problem in speaking Urdu. Similarly, an Urdu speaking person also can understand Punjabi quite easily.
However, Urdu became a lot closer to Persian than any of the above languages. Every learned person of Urdu was supposed to know Persian by default. It's another matter that today every attempt is made to keep Urdu away from Persian. Because Persian is regarded as strictly Iranian (read "shia") language. And hence the shunning of Persian among Urdu speakers.