Oh ! God What do they teach you in your Madrassahs. Let me help you understand what you have written.
1) You state that it is obligatory for the army to not flee when facing an army 10 times the size. Why the limitation. If God is for us, who can be against us. Essentially you are saying that the power of Allah would work if the equation was 10:1.
2) After sometime Allah realised that 10 was too huge a number and decided that his power would work only if the army is twice the size. Why the sudden change in mind.
It helps to think before you ink...
You are right 'It helps to think before you ink'. But most unfortunate thing about you is that even though you said it, still you did not think before you inked. Now, because of you, I have to write again :).
Before you wrote you should have thought that you are unbeliever, as questioning Quran is sign of being unbeliever. Now, according to Quran, unbelievers could not understand words from Quran neither Quran is guidance for unbelievers, because there is disease in their heart that keeps increasing because of ignorance. Here is quote from Quran for unbelievers. :)
Surah Bakrah (2), ayah 2-10:
Who Quran is for (ayah 2-5)?:
[2: 2-5]: This is the Book; in it is guidance sure, without doubt, to those who fear Allah; Who believe in the Unseen, are steadfast in prayer, and spend out of what We have provided for them; And who believe in the Revelation sent to thee, and sent before thy time, and (in their hearts) have the assurance of the Hereafter. They are on (true) guidance, from their Lord, and it is these who will prosper.
Note: Above ayahs are for believers. As for non-Muslims, they are misguided and many are non-Muslims because of circumstances (they were born as such). Amongst them also there are believers and unbelievers, so when they listen or read Quran, if they are believers, they recognise the truth in Quran, and Quran guides them too ... because, in reality they are believers though due to circumstances, they are not Muslim. Those non-Muslims who are unbelievers, their reaction would be same as unbeliever Muslims about whom Allah has mentioned as rejecter of faith who could be non-Muslims (ayah 6-7) and Muslims (Ayah 8-10).
Now, how about people who are unbelievers (ayah 6-7)?
[2: 6-7]: As to those who reject Faith, it is the same to them whether thou warn them or do not warn them; they will not believe. Allah hath set a seal on their hearts and on their hearing, and on their eyes is a veil; great is the penalty they (incur).
How about Muslim unbelievers (ayah 8-10)?
[2: 8-10]: Of the people there are some who say: "We believe in Allah and the Last Day;" but they do not (really) believe. Fain would they deceive Allah and those who believe, but they only deceive themselves, and realise (it) not! In their hearts is a disease; and Allah has increased their disease: And grievous is the penalty they (incur), because they are false (to themselves).
Is it worth wasting time on unbelievers (ayah 16-18)?
Actually, it is waste of time to explain anything to unbelievers, as according to Quran, these people have bartered guidance for misguidance and thus it is futile to explain to them, as they are deaf, dumb and blind [Surah(2), Ayah 16-18].
[2: 16-18]: These are they who have bartered Guidance for error: But their traffic is profitless, and they have lost true direction. Their similitude is that of a man who kindled a fire; when it lighted all around him, Allah took away their light and left them in utter darkness. So they could not see. Deaf, dumb, and blind, they will not return (to the path).
Anyhow, for those who really want to understand the mystery of 10:1 and 2:1 numerical disadvantage in war situation.
First thing a believing Muslim recognises is that, worldly success is immaterial. Allah has created this world on obvious and when any help comes from Allah in this world, these help comes in subtle ways, not in obvious ways. Allah has created this world as world of 'Jawaz (reasons)', not world of 'Muajjazaat (miracles)'.
Further, there is no need for Allah to interfere in worldly affairs and its obvious outcomes, as it is Allah who controls all worldly outcomes and makes it follow logical reasons. So to believe that Allah would interfere (or need to interfere) in obvious way, itself means that outcome was happening against the wish/will of Allah (in other words, Allah being not in control of the outcomes), and such beliefs is ridiculous. Only unbelievers would have such believes. So, what is this 10:1 and 2:1 figure?
Well, 10:1 is figurative. It means, regardless of number of opponents, a Momin would stand and would never flee. A Momin who believes on Allah, his jihad (fight) is not for victory or defeat but for sake of Allah, regardless of worldly victory or defeat. For such person, victory is guaranteed as he would be Ghazi or would die as Shaheed. Nevertheless, it does not mean that with 10:1 disadvantage (or even more), a Momin has to lose as there are occasions when Allah has given success to people regardless of numbers, even when disadvantage of numbers was 10:1 or even more.
On the other hand, people with lesser Imaan see obvious outcomes. For these Muslims, worldly outcomes are very important and as they lack complete Imaan, their fear of opponents' numerical advantage is understandable. Nevertheless, fight for Muslim against unbelievers is test of Imaan. Thus, if Muslim facing unbelievers would have even little bit of Imaan, they should show it on battle field. It means, not running away when facing an enemy regardless of numerical size. Though being Muslim with low Imaan, their Imaan can falter in such situations. Hence, Allah has made it clear that to succeed in test when facing unbelievers, a Muslim Imaan would be acceptable as long as that Muslim do not flee when facing unbelievers twice the number. But if a Muslim run away even when numbers are twice or less, then it would show that the Muslim that ran away has no imaan or unacceptably low Imaan.
