Talpur is a Baloch tribe settled in Sindh and Punjab. They are descendants of Mir Tala Khan. They arrived in Sindh during the invasion of Nader Shah. Talpurs settled in northern Sindh, spoke Sindhi language very soon their descendants and allies formed a confederacy against the Kalhora Dynasty. Later, however, they enjoyed good relations with the Kalhoras and were invited by them to help organize unruly Baloch tribes living in Sindh. The Talpurs soon gained power and overthrew the Kalhora after the Battle of Halani. Peace between the two warring tribes was soon established after the Mughal Emperor Akbar Shah II issued a Firman in the year 1783, which designated Mir Fateh Ali Khan Talpur as the new Nawab of Sindh, this brought an end to the ferocious fighting and the defeat of the ruling Kalhora by the Talpur tribes. Talpur dynasty ruled Sindh, in present-day Pakistan, from 1783 to 1843
With the defeat of the Kalhora forces by the Talpur Baloch in the Battle of Halani in 1783 under the command of Mir Fateh Ali Khan, Sindh came under the sway of Talpurs. Abdul Nabi Kalhoro, did not sit idle but went to the Court of Kabul to secure the support of Taimur Shah Durrani son of Ahmed shah Durrani who was more interested in procuring a tribute from Sindh. He ordered that Sindh be divided into two parts: one ruled by Mir Fateh Ali Talpur Baloch and the other by Abdul Nabi Kalhoro. He sent a huge force to implement this scheme of power sharing but the Baluch under Mir Fateh Ali came out to resist the dismemberment at all costs and assembled at Rohri. When the forces of Kabul’s Shah heard of the Mir’s determination, he decided to back off. The Shah then accepted Mir Fateh Ali Khan as the ruler of Sindh. . The Kabul rulers had tasted the blades of Baloch swords and were not anxious to taste them again. Abdul Nabi Kalhoro continued his subversive activities till his death in the Derajat. Mir Fateh Ali, in spite of the heavy odds was able to consolidate Talpur rule in Sindh. Talpur rule in Sindh was unique because Mir Fateh Ali Khan Baloch and his three brothers ruled at Hyderabad. This was known as “The Chauyari,” the rule of four friends. Fateh Ali was the Principal Amir and held the most important position. The other brothers also had responsibilities:
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/f/f3/Mir_Muhammad_Naseer_Khan_Talpur.png