I will try to present the ethical dillema of society in regards to stem cell research.
Some back ground:
In modern society, Human Life meaning a human being is considered very precious and needs to be taken care of in every possible manner. So taking care of pain and suffering, diseases etc is considered good.
By the same logic since human life is so important, it is given some fundamental rights. e.g. right of survival, not be enslaved etc. So murder, manslaughter, physical violence are all consider crimes against the state. Because, its the state's responsibility to protect each individual.
Key Issues:
- With the above basic tenets of society, stem cell research raises a basic question.
" When does a human being acquire the rights of survival and gets the protection of the state?"
Some believe and insist that as soon as a sperm and egg of humans meet(fertilization takes place) its a potential human being. So it must be protected with the full power of the state. So abortion is murder.
Others believe that after a ferilized egg is implanted in the womb, and three months later it becomes a human being. So abortion is Ok.
Now we can deal with the question of Stem cell research.
Immediately after fertilization, there is a single human cell, which starts dividing and growing. These cells in the beginning can become hearts, lungs , skin , bones etc , all the different kinds of cells in the human body. As the cells grow in number they start takeing the shape of different parts of the body. This process is called differentiation.
Briefly a stem cell can grow into any kind of cell. Where as a differentiated cell can only be one kind. e.g. a heart cell cannot become a lung cell and vice versa. So to repair a heart, we need a heart cell and to repair a lung we need a lung cell. So using stem cells we can potentially cure any disease.
Now the ethical dilemma ...
If human life begins at conception, then killing the fertilized egg and taking the stem cells amounts to murder. Society does not allow any one to kill a human being to harvest the organs for other peoples benefit. (Recently Human rights groups raised a lot of noise, because the Chinese are allegedly taking the organs of criminals that they execute)
One of the basic principles of modern society is "The end should never justify the means" So just because the end result is good , doesn't give us a license to kill or use methods that are prohibited by themselves.
So its up to you. How you feel about this matter. I have left religion out all together.
To put President Bushs latest decision in perpective:
He has said that the US government will only support research with the stem cells that have been already been harvested from embryos and are currently growing in labs. No new destruction of embryos will be allowed. This only means that the government will not fund research with stems cells created after 9th August 2001.
Whether the violators will be prosecuted as criminals is yet to be determined, because there are no laws to that effect. The Supreme Court so far has supportd abortion up to three months. So it seems that stem cell research will take place privately.
The question of "Life begins at conception" is still being debated.
[This message has been edited by Tanhaa (edited August 12, 2001).]