Re: Shoaib Malik as a test player
Ali_R: In Test matches, for a batsman you need to have the temprament to play LONG inning, to be able to stay for a day or two on crease, you are in NO RUSH (supposedly) to score [faster], you wait for bad balls to score a boundary or few runs, you don't play risky shots. Whereas in ODIs you have limited number of overs to score maximum runs, you don't have lots of time/overs to wait for bad-ball-runs. There is a lot more than this, but this like basic stuff.
Also in ODIs they have field restrictions for first 10 overs, then another 10 overs (in a set of 5 overs, optionally a captain can delay those overs called Power Play).