Re: Sad state of Muslims today
Here are some quotes from the Quran and Hadith to prove to you that when the word Laysa is used with the indefinite form of Ahad it means total negation
*لَيْسَ أَحَدٌ * أَحَبَّ إِلَيْهِ الْمَدْحُ مِنَ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ مِنْ أَجْلِ ذَلِكَ مَدَحَ نَفْسَهُ وَلَيْسَ أَحَدٌ أَغْيَرَ مِنَ اللَّهِ مِنْ أَجْلِ ذَلِكَ حَرَّمَ الْفَوَاحِشَ وَلَيْسَ أَحَدٌ أَحَبَّ إِلَيْهِ الْعُذْرُ مِنَ اللَّهِ مِنْ أَجْلِ ذَلِكَ أَنْزَلَ الْكِتَابَ وَأَرْسَلَ الرُّسُلَ
“There is no one to whom praise is more beloved than…”
Shows absolute negation. For a published translation of Sahih Muslim look at the one below
None loves one’s own praise more than Allah, the Exalted and Glurious, does
The none here shows total negation
Source of the above Muslim translation
Now from the Quran
ليس عليكم جناح أن تبتغوا فضلا من ربكم فإذا أفضتم من عرفات فاذكروا الله عند المشعر الحرام واذكرو](إسلام ويب - تفسير ابن كثير - تفسير سورة البقرة - تفسير قوله تعالى " ثم أفيضوا من حيث أفاض الناس "- الجزء رقم1)
Chapter 2 Verse 198
Sahih International
There is no blame upon you for seeking bounty from your Lord [during Hajj]. But when you depart from 'Arafat, remember Allah at al- Mash’ar al-Haram. And remember Him, as He has guided you, for indeed, you were before that among those astray.
Muhsin Khan
There is no sin on you if you seek the Bounty of your Lord (during pilgrimage by trading, etc.). Then when you leave 'Arafat, remember Allah (by glorifying His Praises, i.e. prayers and invocations, etc.) at the Mash’ar-il-Haram. And remember Him (by invoking Allah for all good, etc.) as He has guided you, and verily, you were, before, of those who were astray.
Shakir
There is no blame on you in seeking bounty from your Lord, so when you hasten on from “Arafat”, then remember Allah near the Holy Monument, and remember Him as He has guided you, though before that you were certainly of the erring ones.
Dr. Ghali
In this example of the Quran Juunah is an indefinite noun and when Laysa is its verb it shows total negation.
Finally, a wordy example,
ليس في الدار أحد
There is no one in the house.
And here is a quick breakdown for you to better understand Laysa, which is Naqisah by nature, but is used as Taamah.
معنى هذا الكلام :
**أن كان وأخواتها يصح أن تكون ناقصة ويصح أن تكون تامة **
***فالناقصة : ***
من كان وأخواتها تحتاج إلى ما تنصبه فلا تكتفي بمرفوعها **
بينما التامة:
** تكتفي بالمرفوع ولا تطلب ما تنصبه
**فيجوز في " كان " وفي أخواتها أن تكتفي بمرفوعها ويجوز أن تكون ناقصة **
وأما نقصانها فكما مر معنا :
**كان زيد قائما **
**مادام زيد مجتهدا **
**أصبح زيدٌ عالما **
إذاً :
هذه هي الناقصة رفعت الاسم ونصبت الخبر
ويجوز أن تكون تامة :
**وبالتالي فلا تدخل معنا في هذا الباب فلا نقول لها اسم هذا اسم كان
أو خبر كان **
**لا هي فعل تام **
قال عز وجل:
((وَإِن كَانَ ذُو عُسْرَةٍ فَنَظِرَةٌ إِلَى مَيْسَرَةٍ ))
**كان : هنا تامة **
نقول :
كان : **فعل ماض تام **
ذو : فاعل إن قدرنا كان بمعنى حصل إن حصل ذو عسرة **
قوله عز وجل :
** ((مَا دَامَتِ السَّمَاوَاتُ وَالأَرْضُ إِلاَّ مَا شَاء رَبُّكَ ))
((وَأَمَّا الَّذِينَ سُعِدُواْ فَفِي الْجَنَّةِ خَالِدِينَ فِيهَا مَا دَامَتِ السَّمَاوَاتُ وَالأَرْضُ إِلاَّ مَا شَاء رَبُّكَ عَطَاء غَيْرَ مَجْذُوذٍ{108} ))
**دام هنا تامة تحتاج إلى مرفوع فقط ما نحتاج فيها إلى منصوب **
Paraphrase of the above:
It is proper to use Kaana and its sisters as either Naaqisah or Taamah (Laysa is from among the sisters of Kaana)
Naaqisah is when the verb requires both a subject (Marfuu) and a object (Mansoob). It is proper that Kaana and its sisters - Laysa being one of them - be used with a subject only, in this case it would be Taamah, or with subject and object - in this case it would be Naaqisah.
Examples
**كان زيد قائما **
Zeid was standing.
This is how Laysa is also used when Naaqisah and is causing you to have trouble understanding the quote I posted. In those quotes it is being used without a Khabar and hence is being used as a Taamah verb.
And when these verbs are used as Taamah it is not proper to say Ismu Kana and Khabar Kana.
Hopefully, this crash course will clear some of your doubts and will better enable you to understand what is written in W.Wright as that books is a bit terse.