Transcript of the NPR Program.
http://www.npr.org/features/feature.php?wfId=3812795
NOAH ADAMS, host:
In some Islamic countries, gay men don’t fare well. Afghanistan, Iran and Saudi Arabia have executed some in the past decade. That’s according to the International Lesbian and Gay Association. In 1998, the Taliban killed at least three men for sodomy by bulldozing a brick wall over them. In Pakistan, homosexual sex is punishable by whipping, imprisonment or execution, depending on the court and the region. In some Pakistani courts, execution is the only punishment for sodomy under Islamic law, or Sharia. And yet it is an open secret that across classes and social backgrounds, men have sex with men in Pakistan. Miranda Kennedy has a report.
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MIRANDA KENNEDY reporting:
The streets of Peshawar are clogged with brightly painted trucks, Afghan refugees hawking stolen goods and women in billowing white burqas. This is the capital of Pakistan’s most conservative province, the Northwest Frontier Province on the border with Afghanistan. It’s the region that helped breed the Taliban and where the Pakistani government believes al-Qaeda leaders, including Osama bin Laden, continue to seek refuge. Yet it’s here, more than anywhere else in Pakistan, that homosexuality thrives.
Sayed Mudassir Shah is a Peshawar-based human rights activist. He says historically, many ethnic Pashtun men who dominate the region have had young boyfriends whom they keep in the male room of the house, which is called the hujra.
Mr. SAYED MUDASSIR SHAH (Human Rights Activist): (Through Translator) The active guy is of older age, and the passive one is of younger age, and there are different dialects and they’re known by different names, like larke, warkai, alec. It’s so common that it’s part of the folklore, and one of the verses says that the woman is crying and telling her husband, ‘Look, you’re making me jealous because you’re going to the hujra with your boyfriend, and you will spend the night with him.’
KENNEDY: Locals say that for centuries, powerful men in this region have taken boyfriends to demonstrate their prestige and wealth. The dominant partner often coerces the boy into the relationship, buys him food and clothes and forbids him to marry. Coercion is the norm in homosexual relationships across Pakistan. According to the Islamabad-based Society for the Protection of the Rights of the Child, boys are victims of some 55 percent of reported cases of child sexual abuse in Pakistan. A 16-year-old who only identifies himself as Qurum(ph) knows all about that.
QURUM: (Through Translator) My father died when I was young, and so when I was eight, I had to go out to support the family. My employer at the tea shop sexually assaulted me. After a while, I realized that doing that pays. I moved to a bigger city, and started having sex with men for money. I don’t like what I do, but I am doing it for my sister’s education.
KENNEDY: Many men in Pakistan tell stories similar to Qurum’s. It’s not uncommon for men to bribe or force young boys to have sex with them. According to many accounts, homosexual sex is even common in Pakistan’s gender-segregated madrassas, or religious schools. Shawar(ph), who wouldn’t give his full name, lives in Lahore. He first had sex with a young boy because it was easy. Now at age 32, he’s married and has four children.
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KENNEDY: He often comes here, to Lahore’s red-light district, where he pays boys to let him have sex with them on string beds in the back rooms of shops. But it’s something he is deeply ashamed of.
SHAWAR: (Through Translator) I know that having sex with the boys is wrong, but I am addicted to it. I have tried to stop this, but the demons don’t let me stop. Homosexual sex should not be legal in Pakistan. According to the Koran, according to Allah, this should not be legal.
KENNEDY: Like many men who have homosexual sex in Pakistan’s red-light areas and public parks, Shawar doesn’t use a condom and doesn’t know about AIDS. There are groups working against the spread of AIDS in Pakistan, but their work is often hampered by the strong cultural disapproval of homosexuality. According to Pakistan’s official figures, there were only some 2,000 cases of AIDS in that country, as of last year. But the World Health Organization and UNAIDS estimated the figure at 78,000 two years ago.
Ms. HINA JILANI (Human Rights Lawyer): Homosexuality is widely prevalent in Pakistan. It’s not as if it’s a rare phenomenon in this country. The fact is that it does exist; people just don’t want to acknowledge it.
KENNEDY: Hina Jilani is a veteran human rights lawyer in Lahore.
Ms. JILANI: Even people like myself, who do understand this issue, have not been able to take it up. The acceptance of that particular relationship, I think, is still absent from this society, and because of that, those individuals remain very vulnerable.
KENNEDY: Because men who have homosexual sex in Pakistan are vulnerable to both attack and prosecution, they rarely identify as gay in the Western sense of the term. But among Pakistan’s urban elite, there is a growing community of men who’ve come out as homosexual. They meet on the Internet or at private parties with heavy security. But they are a tiny, terrified minority. Most men in Pakistan who have sex with men do it in secret, often abusively. Then they go home to their family and pray to Allah to forgive them. For NPR News, I’m Miranda Kennedy.
ADAMS: This is DAY TO DAY from NPR News.