Nigeria counts votes

So the counting has begun. Apparently, eight people have been killed (in the south).
Despite this - i THINK, relatively speaking, there has hopefully been less violence than perhaps it was anticipated.

Nigeria counts votes, BBC, 13 April 2003

Votes are being counted in Nigeria, after the country’s first general election since the restoration of civilian rule four years ago. Saturday’s polling appears to have been relatively free of violence, although there were delays and confusion caused by tropical storms and missing voting cards.

Final results for the election are expected by Tuesday, and early reports suggested a high turnout among the 60 million registered to vote out of Nigeria’s 115m citizens.

The electoral commission needs to produce credible results before the presidential election starts in seven days’ time - in this key test for Nigeria’s democracy - the BBC’s Dan Isaacs in Lagos says. Nigeria has a history of fraudulent and mismanaged elections and observers have expressed concerns that these elections could be beset by similar problems, our correspondent adds.

President Olusegun Obasanjo’s People’s Democratic Party was challenged by more than 30 other parties in Saturday’s poll. There were scattered reports of election day violence and intimidation, especially in the south where unconfirmed reports said at least eight people were killed.

A preliminary report by election monitors the Institute for Democracy in South Africa said the “south-south zone” had been badly affected by a high level of violence and intimidation, Reuters said. But voting went ahead peacefully in many cities, where the biggest problem appeared to be a seasonal downpour that delayed arrival of voting materials for hours. As a result, many stations stayed open well after the official closing time of 3pm local time (1400 GMT).

Voting was reportedly postponed until Sunday in the southern town of Warri, in the oil-rich Niger Delta, which has been the scene of ethnic violence in the run-up to the polls. In Port Harcourt, BBC News Online’s Joseph Winter said polls opened four hours late, adding that at one polling station he visited, voting was not being conducted in secret.

Mukaila Yakimi, 51, a polling agent in Lagos State, admitted that conditions did not really allow for secret voting. “Let us say it is an open secret,” he told AFP.

Police said they were deploying some 250,000 officers across the country to keep the peace during the election. The Independent National Electoral Commission said it was determined to end Nigeria’s failure since independence in 1960 to transfer power from one elected government to another. Soldiers have held power in the country for most of the years since independence.

Some results coming in…

Nigeria poll results stream in, BBC, 13 April 2003

Early results in Nigeria’s first elections since the end of military rule four years ago indicate a strong showing for President Obasanjo’s People’s Democratic Party. In the south-west, stronghold of the opposition Alliance for Democracy (AD), the PDP has made significant gains. But the PNP suffered setbacks in the north, losing key lower house seats to the All Nigeria People’s Party (ANPP), in Kano State.

The Independent National Electoral Commission (INEC) says it expects most results to be declared by midday on Monday, but the final standings may not be known until Tuesday. The commission needs to produce credible results before the presidential election starts in seven days’ time in this key test for Nigeria’s democracy, the BBC’s Dan Isaacs says. Nigeria has failed to transfer power from one elected government to another since independence in 1960.

The PDP was challenged by more than 30 other parties in Saturday’s poll. Reporting results in 131 of 360 seats in the House of Representatives, Reuters said the PDP had won 68, the ANPP 38 and the AD 25 seats. The PDP had won 14 of 21 senate seats declared, with the ANPP winning 4 and the AD with 3, Reuters said at 1930 GMT. With the election results for most of Port Harcourt and the surrounding River States already announced, the ruling PDP had won by a landslide.

But the size of the official turnout (95%) and the majority (about 90%) has sparked concern among opposition activists. Local ANPP activists complained that the vote was marred by shooting, intimidation and the late arrival of voting materials, BBC News Online’s Joseph Winter in Port Harcourt says. Across Nigeria there were scattered reports of election day violence and intimidation, especially in the south where unconfirmed reports said at least eight people were killed.

There are also concerns that many people who wanted to cast their votes on Saturday were unable to do so, with many polling stations opening late because of delays with ballot papers. In the south and south-east, local leaders are demanding an extension to the voting and calling the election a sham, our correspondent says.

In the city of Warri, in the oil-producing Delta region, militant youths burnt down polling booths set up to allow a second day of voting. These protesters are angered by what they see as the marginalization of their own ethnic group in the whole political process.

At the results centre in Abuja, the Electoral Commissioner, Abel Guobadia, has played down these problems, saying that across the country, the vast majority of those who wanted to vote were able to do so. The final verdict on these elections will be left to local and international observers, who have already expressed their concerns about the level of violence and intimidation in the run-up to the poll.

US election observers are reportedly warning Nigeria that next week’s presidential elections could be undermined if the shortcomings of this weekend’s parliamentary poll are repeated. The International Republican Institute (IRI) said on Sunday it had witnessed “serious lapses at critical levels of the election administrative structure”, AFP reported.

Reports on Saturday a high turnout among the 60 million registered to vote out of Nigeria’s 115 million citizens. But early results indicated that the turnout may have been lower than expected.

Opposition rejects Nigerian poll, BBC, 15 April 2003

Nigeria’s opposition parties have decided to reject the validity of results from the weekend’s parliamentary elections.

With some two-thirds of the results now announced, President Olusegun Obasanjo’s ruling party in Nigeria is on course for a convincing victory. But after a meeting of opposition parties held in the capital, Abuja, a spokesman for the meeting, Don Etiebet, said the election was flawed and the results coming in were “very, very spurious”. Current projections suggest the People’s Democratic Party will secure an absolute majority in both the Senate and the lower house of the National Assembly. Voting was also marred by violence in the south and east, though observers said the weekend’s legislative election was more peaceful than expected.

RESULTS SO FAR
House of Representatives
PDP 137, ANPP 69, AD 29, Others 4
Senate
PDP 41, ANPP 22, AD 5

The vote is considered an important test for Nigerian democracy, and is the first vote since President Obasanjo’s election in 1999 ended 15 years of military rule. The BBC’s Dan Isaacs says that President Obasanjo is strongly placed to fend off all challengers to his position in the presidential poll, which takes place on Saturday.

By Tuesday at 1200GMT, 240 of the 360 House of Representatives seats had been declared, with the ruling Peoples Democratic Party (PDP) winning 137 of them. Its nearest rival, the All Nigeria People’s Party (ANPP) of the former military head of state Muhammadu Buhari, has 69 seats while the Alliance of Democracy (AD) has 29. In the 109 member Senate, the PDP has won 41 of the 68 seats declared so far. The ANPP have 22 and the AD five seats.

President Obasanjo will seek re-election on 19 April when his main opponent will be Mr Buhari. But he will also face 18 other candidates. In a national television address, he congratulated Nigerians for voting “in an atmosphere that was definitely free and fair, and definitely nowhere near the pre-election predictions”.

But independent observers from the Commonwealth, the European Union and the United States expressed concern over the violence during polling, and logistical problems like the late opening of polling stations. BBC News Online’s Joseph Winter in Port Harcourt said local ANPP activists had complained that the vote was marred by shooting, intimidation and the late arrival of voting materials

ANPP spokesman Ibrahim Modibo told Reuters in the Nigerian capital Abuja that there was “was massive rigging by the PDP during the elections on Saturday”. In the city of Warri, in the oil-producing Delta region, militant youths burnt down polling booths set up to allow a second day of voting. These protesters are angry about what they see as the marginalisation of their own ethnic group in the whole political process.

The current legislative elections are seen as a key gauge of civil tensions head of Saturday’s presidential and gubernatorial elections. An estimated 10,000 people have been killed in outbreaks of ethnic, religious and political violence in the past four years. The PDP appear to have made significant gains in the south-west, stronghold of the Alliance for Democracy. But the PDP suffered setbacks in the north, losing key lower house seats to the ANPP in Kano State - including the defeat of the speaker of the house, Ghali Umar Na’Abba.

The PDP was challenged by more than 30 other parties in Saturday’s poll.

Conflicting information emanating from Nigeria, the opposition groups have rejected the election results but some international observers have stated that the election has on the whole been fair.

Nigeria Tense as Opposition Rejects Vote Results](http://reuters.com/newsArticle.jhtml?type=worldNews&storyID=2570689) Reuters 15 Apr 03

By Ed Stoddard and Nicholas Kotch
ABUJA/LAGOS, Nigeria (Reuters) - Political tensions rose dramatically in Nigeria on Tuesday ahead of President Olusegun Obasanjo’s re-election bid, with opposition parties rejecting the official results of parliamentary polls as fraudulent. Three days after the polls in Africa’s most populous state, allegations of thuggery and rigging in many regions were still coming in thick and fast. Official results from the Independent National Electoral Commission (INEC) slowed to a trickle, stoking fears that it will struggle to conduct the key presidential vote on April 19.

“INEC is laying a foundation for political anarchy in the country,” opposition politician Ahmad Mahmoud told Reuters in northeastern Adamawa state. Saturday’s national vote was the first in the oil-producing country of more than 120 million people since Obasanjo’s election in 1999 ended 15 years of military rule.

More than a score of parties held crisis talks in Abuja, the capital, as Obasanjo’s ruling party extended its commanding lead in results announced so far for the National Assembly. “Our conclusion is that the election as conducted by INEC was very flawed and the figures declared are very, very spurious,” Don Etiebet, spokesman for the parties, told Reuters. … Full Article](http://reuters.com/newsArticle.jhtml?type=worldNews&storyID=2570689)

Observer Group Lauds Electorate, Inec](http://allafrica.com/stories/200304150289.html) All Africa News 15 Apr 03

Daily Trust (Abuja)

An international election monitoring team has commended Nigerians for what it described as their display of “high level of maturity under very trying conditions,” during the conduct of last Saturday’s elections. Similarly, the Institute of Democracy in South Africa (IDASA), Nigeria country office, commended the Independent National Electoral Commission (INEC), saying it (INEC) has shown a “high level of competence” during the elections. IDASA in its preliminary report on the first round of the 2003 elections in the country, also noted that the conduct of all the political parties was orderly, and that their supporters displayed a high level of regard for the electoral process.

Part of the report, however, shows there were incidence of violence in some parts of the south-south zone, especially Rivers, Bayelsa and Delta. Also, problems were also experienced in Enugu, Kano and one local government areas LGA in Akwa Ibom, the IDASA report said. "Generally, security forces have conducted themselves in a responsible manner.

However, in a few cases, there have been reports of alleged police collusion with organised thuggery - but these were predominantly in the south-south zone," the report stated. The observer group noted that the generally violence free conduct of the first set of elections in Nigeria must also be attributed to many voices that have made calls for peace in the past few weeks. These voices, according to the report, include different religious bodies , community leaders, political parties, civil society and the media among others.

Results are in for the presidential round:

Obasanjo Wins Re-Election in Nigeria](Yahoo News: Latest and Breaking News, Headlines, Live Updates, and More)
1 hour, 27 minutes ago

Olusegun Obasanjo won an overwhelming victory in Nigeria’s presidential election, officials announced Tuesday, as opposition groups protested the balloting as rigged and threatened mass demonstrations. …

Thanks, Spoon. Two articles here:

EU claims ‘irregularities’ in Nigerian polls, IOL, 22 April 2003

Abuja - Nigeria’s “presidential and a number of gubernatorial elections were marred by serious irregularities and fraud”, said European Union poll monitors.

“In a certain number of states, minimum standards for democratic elections were not met,” said the statement, listing six states won by President Olusegun Obasanjo’s ruling party.

“The elections in these states lack credibility and appropriate measures must be taken by the relevant authorities,” it said.

Commonwealth backs Nigerian election results
Daniel Balint-Kurti and John Chiahemen, IOL, 22 April 2003

…] At least four independent groups of foreign and local poll observers have listed serious electoral fraud affecting the results in at least seven southern states.

But the Commonwealth, a 54-nation group mainly composed of former British colonies like Nigeria, gave Obasanjo and the heavily criticised Independent National Electoral Commission (INEC) some reasons to be cheerful on Tuesday.

“From the reports of our team, we know that in most of Nigeria a genuine and largely successful effort was made to enable the people to vote freely,” the 22-strong Commonwealth observer team said in a positive assessment.

“But in certain states the election did not go well… In parts of Enugu and in Rivers state proper electoral processes appear to have broken down and there was intimidation,” said the statement, signed by mission head Salim Ahmed Salim.

The endorsement of Salim, a veteran African diplomat, will be a relief for Obasanjo who is at the forefront with South Africa of efforts to attract foreign investment to the continent in return for better governance and fair elections.