mistakes in recitation!!

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Just for the sake of knowledge and my personal experiance i want to share it with you..!!

I used to recite many years back..may Allah forgive me..**first ayat of surah qadr..i used to recite فِي لَيْلَةِ الْقَدْرِ"fee laylat ul Qadr" **(with dama[paish] on layla, instead of لَيْلَةِ الْقَدْرِ"laylatil qadri" (with kasra[zair] on laylal)..i dint know it actually when one day my friend may Allah bless her and may Allah grant her jannah for this correction..she asked me please surah qadr so i recited wrong as i described above. She told me the actual word is “laylatil” may be we memorize these surahs in childhood and after that many of us dont check ever again what we recite so the mistake continues. May Allah forgive me and then i asked my khala after that and one more people i dont remember exactly they were doing the same mistake may be the next ayat is with damma(paish) on layla.
إِنَّا أَنزَلْنَاهُ فِي لَيْلَةِ الْقَدْرِ ﴿١﴾ وَمَا أَدْرَاكَ مَا لَيْلَةُ الْقَدْرِ ﴿٢﴾
Surah Qadr

Now interestingly at that time i was wonder why first(layla) is with kasra(zair) and the second ayat theres a damma on layla..now after knowing the possessive case (mudaf and mudaf elaihi & jaarun wa majroorun) i understand..the first one (layla) before this theres a preposition (harfu jarrun) so noun (layla) will become majroor. Alhamdulilah
Right bro @psyah

I am so happy after knowing the exact situation..i dont know how it feels when you completely understand the language of Quran…fall in love with Allah’s language
May Allah make it easy for us to understand the language of Quran and amal on it Allahuma Ameen

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Re: mistakes in recitation!!

^ Sister Tahurra

There is a slight clarification required here, but the essence of what you said is correct.

There are in fact two separate rules:

Rule 1: Preposition:Object
Rule 2: Possessed Noun: Possessing Noun

Both of these have the effect of taking the second term into a genitive state. (Majrur)

Rule 1 must always have one of the fixed form particles that make the following noun genitive - sing. Harfu Jaarin.

Rule 2 must always have two nouns where one is typically in marfu' state (nominal) and the second is always in genitive state (majrur). However the first noun can be in other states depending on what comes before it.

Fi-Laylatil is from Rule 1 since the word Fi is a harfu jaarin and the Laylatu becomes Laylati
LaytulQadri is from Rule 2
And Fi-Laylati-l-Qadri is a combination of Rule 1 and Rule 2. The word Laylatun here is ism majur for the Fi but it is also mudaaf for the word Al-Qadru. Notice how in the second verse of this Surah the LaylatuQadr takes the marfu' form. This is because there is no harf jaar present.

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Re: mistakes in recitation!!

JazakAllah khair
Now tell me this here..i am at the begining actually.

Al husna is na’at here but is it diptote? For this reason it has fatah otherwise it is majroor (kasra) because of Allahi (liLahi)

or if it is with translation i understand it is for al asma’0 “the beautiful names”

why it is fatah on al husna if it is na’t for al asma’o? Is it mabni(fixed)

Or last thing came up in mind

this is because it is plural of husnun?
Or if it is not what is the singular of husna ?

Basically why husna is mansoob?which is obviously because of al asma’o is marfo’marfo’o

Am i right Akhi?

JazakAllah for help!!

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Re: mistakes in recitation!!

That is a jumlatu ismiya with khabar muqaddam.

That means Nominative Sentence with the Predicate coming before the Subject.

Lillahi is Jaar wa Majrur shibhu jumla khabar muqaddam.

Al-Asmaau is a diptote ... Mamnu min al sarf it is currently in Marfu' state denoted by the dhamma, and it is the mubtada of the sentence which should always be in marfu' state. When it goes into nasb or in jarr it will be read al-asmaa-a in both cases, there will not be any time when it takes a kasra. But that does not mean it is not in majrur state, it can be in that state, but the sign does not show.

Al-Asmaa-u is a jamma mukassar (broken plural) and broken plurals are all treated as singular feminine words. So when adjectives are given to broken plurals The corresponding feminine adjective will follow. Al-Husna is thus in the same state as the mubtada ... Which is marfu' not mansub or majrur.

Husna is an odd word and yes it is mabniyun ... Like Isa and Musa that both have alif maksurah at the end ... The way to designate that word in the Arabic is to say mabniyun fi mahalli raf'in. (Fix Structured in the place of Nominal case).

I believe this is right ... I'll confirm later inshaAllah.

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Re: mistakes in recitation!!

You are right brother, Alhamdulilah and jazakAllah khairan kaseeran,

Look at this what you said
The Quranic Arabic Corpus - Word by Word Grammar, Syntax and Morphology of the Holy Quran

well i was going to ask you how na’at and man’ot are similar in other two ways(other two[case ending and marfa/nakra] are cleared to me) i.e. gender and number, but i read this below, so Alhamdulilah i got it now. May Allah increase you in knowledge allahuma Ameen

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Re: mistakes in recitation!!

Assalam u alaikum

Brother @psyah

please just tell me

are numbers in arabic diptot? Or what they are, they are definite right?

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Re: mistakes in recitation!!

Sister Tahurra

Numbers in Arabic behave differently depending on the number.

I’ll be back with more details inshaAllah

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Re: mistakes in recitation!!

So far Alhamdulilah i got it from 1-10
And concept is cleared in both cases masculine faminine..
I just get confused where when they become mubtada and khabar..
Ill be looking forward to your answer inshaAllah

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Re: mistakes in recitation!!

There are four main areas of numbers we need to learn.

1) Cardinal Numbers
2) Ordinal numbers
3) Numbered nouns
4) Time telling

Let's learn all of these 4 for numbers 1 and 2 only first ...

Cardinal: Wahidun and Ithnani
Ordinal: Oola or Awwal and Thaniy
*Numbered nouns: *

For one and two items the number is integrated into the name of the counted item. A book is the same as saying "one book" and in Arabic "two books" is said with one word.

Kitaab-un = one book
Kitaab-ani = two books

These will change based on their usage in the sentence

Kitaab-an and Kitaab-in = one book in (accusative and genitive states respectively)
Kitaab-aini and Kitaab-aini = two books in (the same sound in both accusative and genitive states)

Time telling:

Time is told by feminine form of numbers in the pattern of na'at manu'oot (noun+adjective)

As-Sa'atu wahidatu = one o'clock
As-Sa'atu thaniatu = two o'clock

these can go in to accusative and genitive cases also ... as-sa'ata and as-sa'ati - with corresponding endings for one and two.

More to come later inshaAllah.

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Re: mistakes in recitation!!

In numbered nouns or counted items there is the 'adad and the ma'dud.

'adad means the "count"
ma'dud means "the counted"

These two will follow several rules based on the number.

Plurality as it works in English does not apply in Arabic. In English any amount more than 1 will render the counted item with an "s" of plurality at the end. However, plural word forms only stretch from 3 until 10 before the rules change again in Arabic.

Then we have gender and broken and sound plurality to contend with also.

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Re: mistakes in recitation!!

Now look at no 1, khamsato is mubatada here right?
so i am confused how could i find it it is definite or indefinite?

and now look at no:8 here sab’atu is khabar
so how could i find it is def or indef, though i know “no tanween because they are mud’af”.

I hope you are getting me.

JazakAllah khair for above explanation and looking forward for more inshaAllah

may Allah increase us in beneficial knowledge and amal e sualah ameen

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Re: mistakes in recitation!!

Ah yes …

For 1. Khamsatu is mubtada here … we know this because first of all the sentence starts with a zarf and zarf can never be mubtada. However the general rule is that mubtada should be ma’rifa, but when it is nakira is appears after the khabar so the zarf here … 'inda plus ya mutakillim are zarf mudaafun ilay shibhu jumla khabar muqaddam. Here the khabar has come before the mubtada to allow the mubtada to be nakira. The final way to know it is nakira is because of the mudafun ilay “kutubin” - as the mudaaf ilay is nakira the mudaaf of it follows from that.

Likewise, in No. 8 the Sab’atu is indeed the khabar and like before because the mudaafun ilay is nakira the mudaaf follows from that … it is also nakira.

MashaAllah Tahurra you are progressing well may Allah (SWT) increase you in knowledge too.

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Re: mistakes in recitation!!

Perfect brother, jazakAllah i havent thought in this way...now got it..

Ameen at dua..may Allah give us barakah in our knowledge...
JazakAllah for help and will ask if i stuck any where in future..or near future inshaAllah

Wama tawfiqi illah billah at progress..alhamdulilah need duas and guidance

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Re: mistakes in recitation!!

For Numbers 3 to 10

**Cardinal: **Thalatha, Arba', Khamsa, Sitta, Sab'a, Thamaniya, Tis'a, Ashara (Masculine)
Thalathatun, Arba'tun, Khamsatun, Sittatun, Sab'atun, Thamaniyatun, Ashratun (Feminine)

**Ordinal: **Thalithun, Rabi'un, Khamisun, Sadisun, Sabi'un, Thaminun, Tasi'un, Ashirun (Masculine)
Thalithatun, Rabi'atun, Khamisatun, Sadisatun, Sabi'atun, Thaminatun, Tasi'atun, Ashiratun (Feminine)

Numbered nouns:

Hetero (Opposite)

[Masculine 'adad] [Feminine plural ma'dud]
[Feminine 'adad] [Masculine plural ma'dud]

See Surah Rum Verse 4 - A word Bid'un appears in majrur state - this is used as 'adad also. It means "A few". Since the ma'dud of this word takes the plural form it is hence necessary to consider this word "bid'un" as a number from 3 to 10.

Read up on the Battle of Antioch - The Persians took hold of it in 613 from the Byzantines but by year 9 - in 622 in the Campaign of Heraclius the Byzantine's took it back.

**Time telling

**As-Sa'atu-Thalathatu, etc - fully declinable

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Re: mistakes in recitation!!

Assalamualaikum brother,

Now tell me.. Is it لَيْسَ fail e madi?
If yes why the translation is like this “he is not or it is not”
I am not getting it..because all the verbs in arabic are ghaib, muzakkar and madi according to my knowledge so far.

And which sentence is written incorrectly in above image. I ve a doubt in last one.

@psyah

JazakAllah khair

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Re: mistakes in recitation!!

Click here, If any of you wants to listening and reciting Quran online.

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Re: mistakes in recitation!!

Wa’alaykumuSalam

Sister … Laysa is not a f’il (verb) - It only resembles the f’il. It is an ism. The word after the laysa is called ismu laysa and the word after that is called khabaru laysa. Laysa is from the sisters of Kaana - Akhawatu Kaana.

This is why it is not following the rule of past tense because it is not a past tense verb.

For the image -

I couldn’t read it properly, but some clarifications:

Near the top - it says Bi-miatu riyaalin - this should be bi-miati riyalin
The line under that says - miatu talibun - this should be miatu talibin

In the middle of the page it looks like the haraka of mutazawwijun are mixed up … it reads matuzoojun … it should be mu-ta-zaw-wi-jun - shadda on waw.

Last line should say …

As-siyarat-ul-jadeedatu ghaaliytun

Jadeed is the naat of siyarah - which means it has to be ma’rifa, mu’annath, and marfu’ and they are both part of the mubtada side … Although Ghalin is already marfu’ it is originally however muzakkar and needs to be made feminine.

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Re: mistakes in recitation!!

JazakAllah khair
May Allah bless you with more knowledge allahuma ameen

Got it..now Alhamdulilah