there is some clear points about destiny (qadr). It is from a book called the fundementals of faith by sheikh Muhammad bin saleh al-utheimeen.
Al-qadar is Allahs predestination of beings according to his forknowledge and as necessitated by His wisdom.
belief in qadr comprises of 4 matters:
first: The belief that allah knew everything on the whole and in deetail which took place in the past and is taking or will take place in the future and forever, whether it is related to his actions or the actions of his ibaad(creatures)
second: tehe belief that allah wrote in al-lauhul mahfoudh(the preserved tablet). regarding these two aspects allah says
Know you not that allah knows all that is in the heavens and on earth? verily it is all in the book lauhul mahfudh. verily that is easy for allah (22:70)
third: the belief that all created things do not come to exist except by the will of allah making no difference whether it pertains to his actions or to that of the created beings. allah spoke about what pertains to his actions
'verily your rabb creates whatever he wills and chooses'(28:68)
Pertaining to the action of the creqated he allah said:
had allah willed they would not done so. so leave them alone with their fabrications(6:137)
fourth: the belief that all beings are created by allah including thawaatiha (theirselves) their qualities and their motion. allah said
'allah is the creator of all thiings and he is the wakeel over all things.(39:62)
HE said about his prophets ibrahim that he told his people
'while allah has created you and what you make'
the above descriptions of the matters of belief in al-qadar does not negate that the abd has a masheeah (will) and an ability(qudrah) regarding his voluntary dedds because both ash sharah and reality proves that affirm these qualities to him.
as for ash-shara allah said about that maseehah of the abd.
'so whoever wills let his see a place with(or a way to) his rabb (by oveying him in this worldy life)78:39
'allah burdens not a person beyond his scope. he gets reward for that good which he has earned and he is punished for that evil which he has earned'(2:286)
as to the reality aspect, every person know that he has a will and a ability by which he acts or relinquishes and that he distinguishes between what he willfully carries out, like walking and what occurs unintentionally, like tremors. however the abds will and ability exist only by allahs will and ability.
also the belief in al-qadr as described above does not grant the abd and argument neither for what he had abandoned from the obligatory acts nor for the acts of disobiedience which he had comitted. accordingly his justification by taking alqadar as a pretext is invalid by the following accounts:
'those who took partners in worship with allah will say' IF ALLAH HAD WILLED WE WOULD NOT HAVE TAKEN PARTNERS IN WORSHIP WITH HIIM AND WE WOULD NOT HAVE FORBIDDEN ANYTHING AGAINST HIS WILL. likewise belied those who were before them they argued falsely with allahs messengers till they tasted our wrath say: 'have you any knowledge or proof that you can produce before us?
had there been an excuse for them in al qadr allah would not have inflicted punishment on them
