Re: Different thoughts on Edhi
Brother, I think you are referring to Ayah 2:215.
Ayah 2:215 … They ask thee what they should spend (In charity). Say: Whatever ye spend that is good, is for parents and kindred and orphans and those in want and for wayfarers. And whatever ye do that is good, -Allah knoweth it well.
[falil-walidayni wal-aqrabeena … translated as Parents and kindred (kin). Obviously, walidayen are aqrabeen too.
Actually, kindred means: near of kin, next of kin or close blood relatives … that includes Parents and children]
We should remember that in Islam, charity does not only mean, giving money for sake of Allah, but charity also means anything good we do with others for sake of Allah, even smile is charity. Anyhow, in above ayah, it is spending money for sake of Allah, and thus, such spending is also charity.
Above ayah (according to what I understand) is not about Zakat (minimum money required by a person to give as charity as obligation). The Ayah is about spending money that Allah would consider as Charity and good deeds. In ayah, Allah mentions who are the best on whom a person should spend.
Important thing to remember is that, Parents are part of kindred (nearest of all kin) that includes children and all blood relatives (wife are also included as kin by default), but Allah has specifically mentioned parents in the ayah, shows parents are most important of blood relatives on whom a person should spend.
As mentioned in Ayah, in Islam we consider whatever person spends on blood relatives, including parents, wife and children, are all charity and good deeds, and Allah would reward a person for that. That is why, not only in Islam, but in all religion and society, we hear of the phrase ‘Charity starts from home’.
As for Zakat, it is not Charity (just like slice of bread is not bread), but it is a part of Charity (just like slice of bread is part of bread). Zakat is minimum part of charity that Allah has made obligatory on Muslims.
Zakat has its own rules. This part of charity (Zakat) is for those who are not responsibility of a person (that means parents or children, who are responsibility of a person, are excluded … as I mentioned earlier) … else, people would be spending on those who are their responsibility, and would consider that they have fulfilled the obligation of Zakat.
For Zakat, read ayah 9:60.
Ayah 9:60 … Zakat (mentioned in ayah as Sadqah) are for the poor and the needy, and those employed to administer the (funds); for those whose hearts have been (recently) reconciled (to truth); for those in bondage and in debt; in the cause of Allah; and for the wayfarer: (thus is it) ordained by Allah, and Allah is full of knowledge and wisdom.
[Ordained (farz): word used in Quran is Fariza … or such sadqah is made obligatory on Muslims]
Note: In Ayah 2:215, spending mentioned is not made obligatory (fariza), but here (Ayah 9:60), this charity (Sadqah) is made obligatory (fariza).
It should be noted that people (or group) mentioned in ayah 9:60 are also mentioned in 2:215, though kindred are not mentioned in 9:60, but those kindred whose responsibility is not on a person, they can get included in needy category, hence they have preference over others, as they are mentioned before others in ayah 2:215.
I hope, your confusion on the subject would get over.