I’ll start by giving an example: "A milk remain in original form till it is not mixed with water or water mixed in it. Even if the milk is mixed with Zamzam or vice versa, it will remained mixed but not in pure form. So let assume the religion Islam itself is like a pure milk till it is in original form i.e., till remain based on two:
1- Almighty Allah said
2 **Prophet Muhammad PBUH said".
**Now coming to the question: "By keeping the above example in our your mind, any addition except what Almighty Allah and His Messenger PBUH said, isn’t like addition of something in religion, either that addition is good or bad or else?
something which is not included in quran nor hadees than the ulemas can make a decision called ijtahad and find a possible solution to that particular something
I also heard peoples saying there is a hadith narrated by Prophet PBUH that like so and so Companion (don’t remember the name of the companion) is in my Ummah, my Ummah won’t get astray or something similar to that.
If anybody knows/heard this hadith then please quote it here.
Ijtihad (what it really is) is not about adding or substracting things from deen. It is used to derive rulings for things which haven't been made clear. E.g. fitra, fidya etc were based on quantities of wheat or barley. So ulema used these principles to give us ways to calculate or find an equivalence in cash so that we could discharge these duties without having to worry about getting those things.
A lot of the ijtihad that masses are asking for nowadays is to try to make halal haram and vice versa.
Zaid bin Arqam narrated that Muhammed (PBUH) said: “Indeed, I am leaving among you, that which if you hold fast to them, you shall not be misguided after me. One of then is greater than the other: (First is) The book of God is a rope extended from the sky to the earth, and (the second is) my family, the people of my house (ahlul bait), and they shall not split until they meet me at the hawd, so look at how you deal with them after me.”
(Sunan al Tirmidhii Volume 6, Chapter 31, Hadith No. 3788)
CO Bhai, I think fitra and fidya is mentioned in various hadith which is clear. Could you please present another example if you don’t mind.
no it is different from this one.
Let me explain in this way. Chapter 5 verse 3: “…This day I have perfected for you your religion and completed My favor upon you and have approved for you Islam as religion…”.
What I meant here not interpretation of above verse but I meant 'the religion for us is perfected by Almighty Allah through Prophet Muhammad (in post#1, I posted 1 & 2) so after that (when religion is perfected/completed) do we need still in need of any any kind of addition(s) either good or bad etc.,
When a house is being built and it becomes completed … Do we need to keep it clean, refurbish after some time and repair after more time?
As long as RasoolAllah (SAW) would have stayed with us it would have been done … But the departure of RasoolAllah (SAW) was also a rahmat on us … It would have restricted us in the Sunnah if he (SAW) has stayed …
Islam was a dynamic way of life that was given to us … It was about looking at the situation and bring forth from it the best outcome … many things have changed naturally so we must adjust to bring back a balance to the ideal way … It’s not that we are adding something … But we are reacting to a new situation.
When a house is being built and it becomes completed, no doubt a structure of law also made at very same time, that how to keep it very clean, very refurbish as well as its repair. Now if we bring something new into our house i.e., anything new then definitely, we need some space in our house to keep that new thing, we need remove old thing to adjust it with new, we need place on walls to hang it etc., etc.
Point is that when a house is built, becomes completed and was clearly stated that it is now completed. At first thing, why we are in need to bring something new in our house or do we really need that thing to be in our house. Precisely speaking, we are looking to bring new thing in our house and trying to adjust it rather adequate on what we have in our house of given us when the house is being built and completed.
Prophet PBUH said the ‘religion is completed for you’, so I guess there is nothing left from our Prophet PBUH that He PBUH didn’t informed us. In other words, He PBUH informed us everything. So the phrase “It would have restricted us in the Sunnah if he (SAW) has stayed …” doesn’t fit anywhere.
I’m ready to discuss this topic step-by-step as long as you wish, or any other member would like to discuss it
The Prophet, sallal laho alaehe wassallam, said: “I am leaving you two things and you will never go astray as long as you cling to them – they are the Book of Allah and my Sunnah.” [Reported by Al- Haakim - Sahih].
The most appropriate hadith with regards to Ijtihad is:-
It is narrated: When the Apostle of Allah (peace_be_upon_him) intended to send Mu'adh ibn Jabal to the Yemen, he asked:” How will you judge when the occasion of deciding a case arises”?
He replied: “I shall judge in accordance with Allah's Book”.
He asked: “(What will you do) if you do not find any guidance in Allah's Book”?
He replied: “(I shall act) in accordance with the Sunnah of the Apostle of Allah (peace_be_upon_him”.
He asked: “(What will you do) if you do not find any guidance in the Sunnah of the Apostle of Allah (peace_be_upon_him) and in Allah's Book”?
He replied: “I shall do my best to form an opinion and I shall spare no effort”.
The Apostle of Allah (peace_be_upon_him) then patted him on the breast and said: “Praise be to Allah Who has helped the messenger of the Apostle of Allah to find
something which pleases the Apostle of Allah”. ** Sunan Abu-Dawud (The Office of the Judge (Kitab Al-Aqdiyah) 3585 Similar hadith - (Nisa’i: No. 1327)**
The Arabic for the words: ‘I will exercise my judgement’ are ajtahidu rai from which the term Ijtihad is derived from it.
The Ijtihad arrived at should not conflict with and contradict Quran and the Sunnah of the Apostle of Allah (peace_be_upon_him)
Imam Abu Ishaq al-Shatibi stated the following with regards to the ayah:
'This day I have completed your religion for you, completed My Favor upon you and have selected for your Way of Life, Al-Islam."*
"But the intended completion is the completion of the broad fundamental basis. No needed base of the religion that is related to the essentials, necessities, or complements was ever left out without being explained in full. It is true that there will be some particular aspects that are not mentioned directly, but are left for the Mujtahid to derive its rulings based upon these broad fundamental bases, because Ijtihad base is guaranteed by the Qur'an and the Sunnah and must be put into practice and not be abandoned."
Brother LK, I'll give you another example of something that is not conclusive--the issue of wudhu. What causes it to be nullified. Even if you look at ahadith, you will differences with issues such as bleeding, touching a woman or sleeping. This means that even by looking at the sunnah/ahadith, you will find differences in these issues. So to sift through the evidences and then choose a path through all of them, you (well not you per se) make ijtihad.
About ‘ijtihad’, what I heard/read that the Companions of Prophet after made of a decision, when return to the Prophet , they inform Him and the Prophet approve / disapprove it. This mean decisions was counter-checked by another person.
Today, if an scholar/Aalim/Shaikh if do ijtihad and make a decision then how it will be counter-checked and who’ll going to approve/disapprove it?
Let me explain in this way. Chapter 5 verse 3: “…This day I have perfected for you your religion and completed My favor upon you and have approved for you Islam as religion…”.
(in post#1, I posted 1 & 2) so after that (when religion is perfected/completed) do we need still in need of any any kind of addition(s) either good or bad etc.,
of Prophet