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*Originally posted by ahmadjee: *
*So, my question is that is this dua after farad prayers considered mandatory, because we never missed it? If so, what is the reasoning behind it.
*
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One of the recommended times to make du'a is right after you have performed a good deed. It may be that since fardh salah is one of the best actions that a Muslim can perform that making du'a right after it has come to be seen as something highly recommended. There is also the following authentic hadith:
Abu Umamah relates that someone asked Allah's Messenger (s): "O Messenger of Allah (s), which du'a is the most likely to be heard (by Allah)?" He replied: "The one made during the middle of the night and at the end of the compulsory salah." (at-Tirmidhi #3499)
This hadith would appear to support the view that du'a after you have finished salah is a good thing. However, there is a difference of opinion as to how this hadith is to be interpreted. This is because the words in this hadith "at the end of the compulsory salah" can have two possible meanings:
These words can mean at the end of the salah after you have said salam to the right and left. In other words, you have finished salah and thereafter raise your hands to make du'a.
But it is also possible that these words mean at the end of the salah before you have said salam. Here the difference is that you are still in the salah itself and you make the du'a prior to saying salams. Of course, since you are in salah you wouldn't raise your hands under such circumstances. We are probably all used to saying a du'a at this time anyway, at the end of the salah after we have recited the Tashahud and sent Durood on the Prophet (s).
Ibn Taymiyyah (d.728H) was asked whether making du'a after salah was Sunnah or not. He was also asked whether someone would be correct if he criticised an Imam who didn't make du'a after the Asr salah. Here is his answer:
"All praise is for Allah. The Prophet (s) did not make du'a after the five daily salah, nor did those behind him, as is the practice of some people after the Fajr and Asr salah - this is not reported from anyone. None of the scholars held this practice to be recommended. And whoever reports that (Imam) ash-Shafi'i viewed this practice as being recommended is mistaken, rather the wording from his (ash-Shafi'i's) book negates this and the same is the case for (Imam) Ahmed and other scholars who also did not hold this practice to be recommended.
However, some companions of (Imam) Ahmed and (Imam) Abu Hanifah and others recommended du'a after Fajr and Asr, saying: 'There is no salah after these two prayers and so du'a takes their place.' And a group of the companions of (Imam) ash-Shafi'i and others recommend du'a after the five salah, and all of them are agreed that one who does not make du'a is not to be criticised...
And if the Imam and the followers make du'a after the salah sometimes for a reason which presents itself then that will not be counted as being contrary to the Sunnah, as is the case, however, with the one who constantly does it (i.e. constantly making du'a after salah is contrary to the sunnah, whereas doing it sometimes is not).
The authentic hadith show that the Prophet (s) used to make du'a at the end of salah - before the salam - and this is what he (s) would order the people to do as we have explained and quoted the hadith for... the person performing salah is calling privately upon his Lord so when he gives salam he finishes that (private discourse) and turns away. And it is known that it is fitting that the servant beseech his Lord whilst he is privately calling on Him (i.e. within salah), not after finishing (the salah) and turning away." end of quote
And Allah knows best.
Iqbal