A Brief history of Radical Islam in Afghanistan and it's origins

What people tend to forget is that Afghanistan was never a country led by Radical Islamists. In fact there are many sayings in Pashtu that question the judgment of Mullahs’ and almost degrade them.
Things changed when the Soviets invaded or were invited by the Afghan ruling establishment at the time. The Americans did not want Russia expanding it’s influence and Pakistan did not want to have Russians interfering.
The Americans helped form the ISI and they came up with this policy of Jihad to fight the Soviets. Jihad became an in-word and Madrassah’s and Training camps were set up to indoctrinate Afghans within Pakistan. These 2 institutions were found all over Pakistan especially within NWFP, Punjab and Karachi.
The Pak Army and ISI “educated” the Afghans with Islam and also found supporters from all over the Muslim world, including Arab states and Pakistan itself. The Pak Army and ISI did not want to see the good old Afghans to go without religion so they indoctrinated them with Islamic qualities to make sure they could go and rid their country of these Godless humans.
When the Soviet’s left, the Americans left their trusted allies ie the Pak Army and it’s new born child the ISI to set up governments within Afghanistan. The Pak Army did not want to see Godless people ruling Kabul but rather those who embedded strong Islamic characteristics. The Pak Army and ISI were thoroughly impressed by Gulbudin Hikmatyar who led the radical Islamic Hezb-I-Islami. They were very virtuous. They had even gone around Kabul throwing acid on to the faces of women who did not have theuir faces covered. The Pak Army and ISI loved these virtues and gave this militia-cum-political party its full moral support. They did not want to see anti-Islamic people rule Kabul and their choice dealt with “wanton” women who unashamedly uncovered their faces in public.
Massoud and his militia were sidelined as Pakistan thought it would be best that Afghanistan was led by “religious” Pashtuns, the majority ethnic group. In English this means that Pakistan wanted a leadership that it could exploit and a docile but extremist religious leadership fitted the Pak Army and ISI Christmas, Ooops! I mean Eid wish list.
Kabul received a new type of rain. No it did not rain cats and dogs but missiles and gunfire was music to the City’s ears! Hikmatyar, Massoud and co. fought over Kabul and the Pak Army and ISI were adamant the former should win. He proved to be of no worth.
The attention was on Kabul but down south a group of students rumbled in Kandahar and their influence spread over the south slowly but surely. The current P.M. Benazir recognized their Islamic virtues and gave them her support. The Pak Army and ISI saw that this group of students could move and were very “Islamic” so they retired Benazir from her duties. She was a woman she could not direct foreign policy! The group was nick named Taliban, a local corruption of the word Telly (short for television) and Ban. They banned TV’s. This zeal greatly impressed the Pak Army and ISI. Other policies which won over the Pak Army, ISI, the Pak Politicians and great swathes of the general Pakistani public were:-

  • punishing wanton women who wore nail varnish
  • punishing women who did not dress in the all covering Burqa
  • punishing anyone who wore western clothes
  • forcing men to keep beards that were at least a fist length long
  • making sure people prayed and if the Taliban security guards did not believe you, then you would have to pray again.
    They were so keen to get people to heaven, how could the Pak Army and ISI not love them? The Pakistan media heralded the Taliban when they took over Kabul. The Taliban were that good that they even hanged Najibullah. He “deserved” to be hanged as he was a communist. If Zia ul Haq was alive he would surely be impressed as he “loved” Islam and had “tried” so hard to introduce it into the Pakistani system.
    The resistance by Dostum, Massoud and co continued in the North. The ISI and Pak Army must have had a secret home swap scheme with the Persian speaking Kabulites , who left in droves for Pakistan in 1996. The Pak Army and ISI settled around Kabul and they planned to bring Islam to the whole of Afghanistan. The Pak Army and ISI gave the Taliban a new line up – new members included Osama Bin Laden alongside other non-Afghan nationals who predominantly were Arab or Pakistani. The Taliban, the foreign reserves and the Pak Army and ISI became the new Trinity.
    The ISI used it skills to push the Trinity north into lands dominated by non-Pashtuns. This was the bit where the Trinity saw “ignorance” to Islam here. They saw that the women did not cover their faces as a whole and walked more freely than the rest of Afghanistan, western dress was more evident, there were more Shia’s too. The Pak Army and ISI decided to lead the takeover of the North and with its guidance thousands of those belonging to the Trinity received Shahadat.
    What this means is that the Trinity pushed forth northwards with the intelligence gathered by the ISI. They made a deal with an Uzbek leader around Mazar I Sharif but he changed his mind allowing Uzbek militia’s to massacre those members of the Trinity who went forward. As the Trinity pushed into Hazara territory they realized that they cold not move forward easily and Hazara fighter’s came out of holes, trees and caves to stop the opposition advance. The Hazara’s were most hated as they were Shi-ites, a “good enough” reason to be punished I suppose, especially if you support the Trinity.
    The Trinity did manage to take over huge tracts of the North and this is where they got to punish those “bad” people who resisted “Islam”. Uzbeks, Hazara’s and Tajik’s were massacred. Hazara’s were blockaded in their villages in the mountains forcing them to starve and die. Their crops were destroyed. The Trinity also punished the Tajik’s by burning the Shomali Plains to the North of Kabul. These punishments were envisaged by the ISI who knew what was right and wrong. The Pakistani Government was proud of what the ISI and Pak Army had achieved in Afghanistan. They had given the Afghans “Islam”.

Re: A Brief history of Radical Islam in Afghanistan and it's origins

interesting read. Kho peera, I think there was more to this in pakistan. The IRI,a s well as many countries had there hands dirty inAfghanistan (including Massoud & co.). Its odd, before the soviet invasion, we pashutns(Afghans) never fought solely on the basis of religion. I mean look at our struggles against the Mughals lead by Khushal Baba and Bayazid Pir Roshan, purely nationalistic. Anyways, I read this interview, Ill see if I can find I'll pm it, very interesting read., "Afghan Myth", I believe it was.

Re: A Brief history of Radical Islam in Afghanistan and it's origins

skylops, why dont u just change ur nick to PAKISTAN REY PAKISTAN, VERY BAD VERY BAD, AFGHANISTAN REY AGHANISTAN, VERY GOOD VERY GOOD!

Re: A Brief history of Radical Islam in Afghanistan and it's origins

not bad lol, but I think Skylops would prefer something else, thats a cheesy nick.

Re: A Brief history of Radical Islam in Afghanistan and it's origins

Skylops, are you with Pakistan or with Afghanistan? Pakistan has a far bigger Pashtoon population than Afghanistan. And trust me they are far more prosperous than the people living under the Northen Alliance influenced Kabul establishment. You need to make up your mind, my friend. I just visited some Afghan forums and the kind of venom they spew against Pakistan is amazing. 'Only good Paki is a dead Paki'. This is the message from Kabul. :) Is this the Kabuli establishment you are in love with? You are trying to bite the hand that feeds the people you claim to love. And you don't even know that. Afghanistan has no claim over our Pashtoon people, who remain an integral part of Pakistan.

Re: A Brief history of Radical Islam in Afghanistan and it's origins

well i come to pakistani forums and see hate spewed against pashtuns - NOT MANY pakistani's dare spoke about them nasty comments.

where were all the pashtuns are an integral part of pakistan comments then? those comments were on the forum for 48 plus hours. they were extremely racist and demeaning to an ethnic group which you see as an integral part of your country.

read my comments - did i say anything about pakistanis themselves or as a country? or dodi my focus lie on how pakistani state apparatus has been used to SUPPORT RIGHT WING RADICAL ISLAM in Afghanistan and Pashtun area, the latter I might write about later.

Now this same ary who allowed al qaeda, the taliban to prosper and enter pakistan are being hounded by the great and brave militray establishment of pakistan?

dont you think its hypocritical that pashtun areas were used to make Mullahs and Jihadies and they were shown by Islamic ways its the right thing to do, and now they are being bombed for it?

Re: A Brief history of Radical Islam in Afghanistan and it's origins

no hand feeds me. i m self sufficient. no hand fed my parents, they moved from north west pakistan to the UK.

afghans who believe and make comments such as you have made are low lives.

my write up is not about anti-pakistan but to remind quite a few members on this forum to what lenghts the Pak Army and ISI went to, to support radical islam.

Re: A Brief history of Radical Islam in Afghanistan and it's origins

the problem is when you criticise a pakistani policy you get people throwing stupid nick names at you. it reminds me of how leaders such as wali khan were termed gaddar, which i believe means traitor.

if you can read this article carefully - you can see that it is not about either pakistan or afghanistan being good or bad.

i expected such comments from certain people and i wil get a lot more

Re: A Brief history of Radical Islam in Afghanistan and it's origins

[QUOTE]
no hand feeds me. i m self sufficient. no hand fed my parents, they moved from north west pakistan to the UK.
[/QUOTE]
Sorry brother, it is obvious that we have some communication barriers. Perhaps, I have not been able to convey my message properly.

Best of luck!

Re: A Brief history of Radical Islam in Afghanistan and it's origins

The important question is, how did Afghanistan fall this low that it could be exploited by pakistani pashtuns and punjabis, iranians, soviets, americans and its own warlords? Your one sided account is more jingoism then reality.

The taliban were accepted by much of afghanistan because they bought peace and security with them. They slowly became even more extremist and ISI could no longer control them as before. But whatever makes you happy. You have to find the truth on your own in the end.

Re: A Brief history of Radical Islam in Afghanistan and it's origins

good question....i ant answer that....but maybe you have to look at pakisatn to see how its exploited by a few industrialists, feudals, army generals, certain politicians.......maybe you could answer your own question that way?

Re: A Brief history of Radical Islam in Afghanistan and it's origins

you need to look at what i responded too then you might understand why i said this!

Re: A Brief history of Radical Islam in Afghanistan and it's origins

Syklops, you are openly anti Pakistan, and if all Afghans think like you do, which I hope and believe they dont, then I'm afraid Pak-Afghan relations can never improve. try not to remain tangled in the confusing past.
Take a macro view of the whole scenario from 1979 to 1992. It's not as simple or biased as your essay might try to make it sound.
No one has been an angel.

Re: A Brief history of Radical Islam in Afghanistan and it's origins

well my essay pretty much sums it up. the reason why i took time to write this was simply because antiobl and some other members who forget that how these fanatic took power in afghanistan and the role played by pakistan in creating ethnic hatred there. it is member on this forum who dont understand the tangled past which is an integral part f the future.

the problem is most pakistanis see criticism of government polcies of pakistan as anti-pakistani. it is these people who wwill never allow pakistan to have good relations with its neighbours. remember 1 thing pakistan only gets on with china in its neigbourhood. that speaks volumes about foreign diplomacy!

i have a question for you Haris - prove that I am anti-pakistani? i can tell you i have done more for pakistan than most of this forum members have done. we are disussiing 1 aspect of foreign policy here so it in unfair to judge on that. check out my other posts on other forums!

as a moderator are nt you not supposed to be taking sides?

Re: A Brief history of Radical Islam in Afghanistan and it's origins

^
Well, as a member of this forum, I am entitled to express my personal views too. And that has nothing to do with my role as a moderator.

Re: A Brief history of Radical Islam in Afghanistan and it’s origins

Skirting around Afghanistan and dancing on the Bharati tunes. These are the true colors of Kabuli-Commies.

Many posters forget that Afghanistan has been stomping ground of every Tom, Dick, and Harry since the early 1830s. Kabul was the center of intrigues and backdoor machinations thanks to a handful of educated Afghans who were always willing to sell their soul to the highest bidder especially if the bidder was a Ruskie general.

These Kabuli-Kommies totally ignored everything that was south of Kabul. The result was an abject poverty in a landlocked country that was mere a collection of little bowl shaped valleys.

Afghan Southies didn’t want to have anything with these Kabuli-Kommies and developed their own deeply religious streaks.

Add in the mix the bitter hatred between Afghan Pushtoons, Hazaras, Tajiks, and Uzbeks and you have recipe of utter disaster.

It was this background that Russians and Brits fought over the spoils of Kabul and enjoyed sleeping with the skirt wearing Kabuli-Commies and their women.

That war was fought almost 100 years before the second Ruskie invasion in the 1970s.

Afghans still mired in abject poverty tend to forget the previous bout between Ruskies and the West and tend to concentrate only on the 20th century invasion.

Even in the 19th century, Brits were experts in getting the support of Kandhari Pushtoons. The same Kandhar that became famous HQ of the one, the only, one-eyed Mullah Umar.

Unless we analyze both the 19th and 20th century Afghan wars, we’ll never get the right perspective. However that analysis will not result in Pakistan bashing. **Hence these Kabuli Kommies tend to ignore the first Afghan war.
**
It is precisely due to the unethical, and anti-Pakistan venom of the likes of some posters and their grand-daddy Abdul Rahman Pazhwak (http://www.un.org/ga/55/president/bio21.htm), that Afghanistan again (20th century) ended up in the Ruskie dog-house.

Offcourse the Ruskies and Bharati slavery was the prime objective of these Kabuli Kommies, so they were really happy.

Their dreams of subjugating Sothern Afghanistan under Ruskie paw, got shattered, when Pakistan with the help of the West booted out these Kabuli Kommies.

This is the reason why certain posters on this forum roast in the hell fire day and night. This is the reason why we see so much anti-Pakistan venom from certain quarters.

O Kabuli Kommies, continue bashing Pakistan. I hope it won’t happen, but there is a fear that Ruskies will again attack Afghanistan in 2080. These Kabuli-Kommies will again force millions of Afghan refugees into Pakistan.

I promise we will feed them, clothe them, and give them IDs so that they can travel to UK and open up aloo stores. I bet they they will again repeat history by soon biting the hand that fed them.

History as they say continue to repeat itself, 1880, 1980, 2080 … The years of Ruskie “enjoyment” in Afghanistan.

Re: A Brief history of Radical Islam in Afghanistan and it's origins

[quote]
remember 1 thing pakistan only gets on with china in its neigbourhood. that speaks volumes about foreign diplomacy!
[/quote]
Some countries don't get along well with any of their neighbours. :D

[quote]
prove that I am anti-pakistani? i can tell you i have done more for pakistan than most of this forum members have done. we are disussiing 1 aspect of foreign policy here so it in unfair to judge on that. check out my other posts on other forums!
[/quote]
No, I don't think you're anti-Pakistan. (You are angry. And you love Afghanistan too much. :p) Neither am I anti-Afghan. Pakistan, like many other regional and international powers, has played a good/bad role in the internal politics of Afghanistan. The problem arises when the thankless -thankless because Pakistan HAS done good things - Afghan government presents Pakistan as the root of all evil. What did India do for poor Afghanis when Russia invaded their country and engaged in wholesale slaughter and destruction? What did Iran do for Pashtoon people? What about Tajikstan and central Asian 'republics'? They were too busy supporting Tajiks and other Northern Alliance groups against Pashtun people. I have said many times that Afghan-identity and Pashtun-identity should be treated as two different things. And people must not target Pashtuns while targeting Kabul. I'm not against Pakistani Pashtun having good relations with Afghani Pashtuns. But we can not support anti-Pakistan Afghanis.

You have accused ISI and Pakistan military of 'needless' interevention. Yes Pakistan army generals (Pashtun, Mohajir, Punjabi and many politcians as well) seemed to have supported pro-Pakistan Pashtun groups there. Zia was ethnic Punjabi. Beg was Mohajir. Kakar was Pashtun. Babar was Pashtun. Some seemed to have played more active roles than the others. But it is inconceivable that Pak army, which has always had a very strong Pashtun presence in both its commissioned and non-commissoned ranks, would try to harm the people of Pashtun origin. I advise you to have a look at the names of all Pakistani generals and ISI chiefs. It was not some anti-Pushtun alliance of non-Pushtuns in Pakistan army or intelligence community that led this interference. But Pakistani establishment (political/civil or military) is rigtfully wary of Kabul establishment that has little control over its areas outside Kabul, but likes to engage in accusatory skirmishes with Pakistan every now and then.

And please don't let one or two internet forums shape your views about the international/regional politics or Pakistani people.

Re: A Brief history of Radical Islam in Afghanistan and it's origins

Dr Selig Harrison from the Woodrow Wilson Centre for Scholars, who has had a lifelong interest in South Asia and is among America's foremost authorities on the subject spoke to General Zia-ul-Haq on June 29, 1988 six weeks before his death. General Zia-ul-Haq told Selig Harrison:

"All right, you Americans wanted us to be a front-line state. By helping you we have earned the right to have a regime in Afghanistan to our liking. We took risks as a front-line state, and we won't permit it to be like it was before, with Indian and Russian influence there and claims on our territory, will be a real Islamic state, a real Islamic confederation. We won't have passports between Pakistan and Afghanistan. It will be part of a pan-Islamic revival that will one day win over the Muslims in the Soviet Union, you will see."

Besides Selig Harrison has noted: `General Zia spoke to me about expanding Pakistan's sphere of influence to control Afghanistan, then Uzbekistan and Tajikstan, and then Iran and Turkey:"

In May 1988, USSR had pulled its troops out of Afghanistan but was still holding sway over Central Asia.

What was Zia-ul-Haq offering Selig Harrison and Americans was that, if given in Pakistan''s clienthood, Afghanistan would be used to take Isalm's Holy War right into the territories of former USSR to inflect an ultimate defeat (shikast-i-Mubeen) on Russians and to liberate Central Asia from the clutches of communism.

Also, Zia-ul-Haq was promising Selig Harrison that Isalmabad controlled Sunni extremist regime of Kabul could be used against Iran.

Hahaha a good boon to Americans!

One should look at how Zia-ul-Haq tried to bring compatibility between the interests of USA and Pakistan. An expanded Pakistan pursuing a Pan-Islamist agenda could serve the intersts of America by engaging into a covert or overt war of attrician against USSR and Iran.

During that period, Shia and Sunni extremist militant groups like Sipah-i-Mohammad and Sipah-i-Sahaba were born. Many Shia and Muslim Ulama's e.g. Ariful Hassini died.

Re: A Brief history of Radical Islam in Afghanistan and it's origins

Welcome back, LOTD. Source/Link? :p

Okay, I don't know how far these quotes are true. But Pakistan DID take more risks than India, Iran or other regional powers. And the war of attrition against communist Soviet Union was successful. Without the threat of communist aggression, the world is a safer place.

Re: A Brief history of Radical Islam in Afghanistan and it's origins

Assuming the quotes are true, the dream of Zia was just a dream.

Expanding "sphere of influence" needs industrial might equal to (if not more) the guy who is already holding that "sphere".

Ruskies were beaten in Afghanistan but they still have large enough industrial power to ward off challenges from smaller states.

However when you combine the bravery/ discipline of Pak (Punjab + Pushtoon) army with Western industrial power, the results are phenomenal. Just look at the examples of major wars.

  1. Defeat of Ruskies during Afghan wars of 1830s to 1880s.
  2. Defeat of Desert Fox in WWII
  3. Defeat of Palestinian militants in Jordan
  4. Defeat of Ruskies again in the 1980s.

On the other hand the very lack of industrial might compared to Bharatis have resulted in failures of BDesh, and Kashmir.

Zia was a dreamer like many in Pakistan. Unfortunately they need to work on developing industrial backbone in the country first. The same backbone that was utterly destroyed by the Kommie-Bhutto's nationalization.