Transfer of forest land in Kashmir to Hindu pilgrims

Go pick up a book.

The local population in what is now Azad Kashmir/the Northern Areas did rebel and had already declared themselves independent of the Maharaja...the Pathans simply joined forces with them.

As for why Pakistan has repeatedly failed to take Kashmir, I've already addressed that issue in other posts. Briefly, if Pakistan had just sent its regular army in during a homegrown rebellion (1947 or 1989), then India wouldn't have had a leg to stand on in Kashmir at the very least. The problem was that Pakistan relied exclusively on unpopular, undisciplined, irregular militant outfits in both cases. The Mukti Bahini, with all their backdoor Indian support, would never have been able to win their independence on their own. It took the full Indian army to do that.