in USA …The Family and Medical Leave Act (FMLA), which was passed in 1993, guarantees that women can take up to twelve weeks without pay while keeping the same health insurance. Additionally, their position will be held while gone, or else a job with equal pay, benefits, and status will be given.
in my state (california) … you have
California paid family leave (PFL) … paid 6 wks
California Family Rights Act (CFRA) … unpaid 12 wks + guarantee of same job. this is essentially FMLA.
Pregnancy disability … up to 4 mo. unpaid + guarantee of no job loss
CFRA and pregnancy disability can be combined. each of the above categories have eligibility requirements.