Pak Army is responsible for some of the most gruesome crimes against humanity, East Pakistanis or Bengalis in 1971, Baluch in 1973, Sindhis in 1983 Mohajirs in 1993-1996 and people of Wazirastan. Everytime, establishment machinery churns out the same propaganda, how state enemies or terrorists have been crushed for good of the country. General Niazi, en Tikka were hailed as heroes when the slaughtered the poor bengalis, same can be seen in Baghdad where American soldiers are hailed for their hreoic and no questions are asked on the loss of civilian lives. Either we accept what is fed in the form of propaganda or we make the effort to try and read beyond the stream of disinformation. Basi principle must remain the same, all humn lives are precious, race, language or religion cannot make murder of innocent kosher.
First Pashtuns were targeted in 1985. A Kashmiri minibus driver had incidently killed a Muhajir girl Bushra Zaidi and in hours dozens of busses belonging to Pashtuns had been set ablaze by Muhajirs. What were the motives behind this? To terrify Pashtuns so they vacate Karachi for Muhajirs.
Causes: From 1947 to 1971, Muhajirs were a privleged COMMUNITY sharing power with Punjabis and pitched, in collaboration with THEM, against potential Bangali +Sindhi+Pashtun+Baluchi alliance.
After Bangla Desh INDEPENDENCE, Mubashir Hassan, a clever Punjabi economic minister of Bhutto had proposed that to break Muhajir domination of the industrial and finance sector of Pakistan, there should be comprehensive nationalization.
Bhutto, as a Sindhi, had contradictions with Muhajirs. He went ahead with making Sindhi as the official language of Sindh to be compulsarily learnt by Muhajirs, nationalizing industries and financial institutions, and allocating separate quotas for Sindh Urban (Muhajirs) and Sindh Rural (Sindhis). Obviously, this greatly curtailed the excessive influence, power, and share of Muhajirs. Another factor was that, Punjabis and Pashtuns, who had initially migrated to Karachi as workers and labourers had now taken to certain professions and had started competing with Muhajirs in some commercial activities e.g. transportation. Muhajirs reacted abgrily to this decline in their status.
Before 1971, Muhajirs were almost entirely followers of Muadudi but then they switched to aggressive/militant Muhajir ethnic nationalism. Pashtuns were the first target of this nationalism.
Anyhow, past is the past! Now Muhajirs should stop laying exclusive claim to Karachi, Hayderabad, Sukhar and other urban centers of Sindh. The sons of the soil i.e. Sindhis have been pushed to the wall. The economy of rural Sindh is shambles. If the socio-economic conditions of interior Sindh were not improved, What I forsee is, in next 15-20 years, there will be a large-scale migration of educated and uneducated and skilled and unskilled Sindhis to Karachi and other urban centers of Sindh. An ethnic clash in that case is inevitable.
So resources should not be diverted to Karachi only leading to further marginalization of Sindhis. Sindhis should be given some breathing space.
Pashtuns of Karachi must also learn and adopt Sindhi language and culture and support Sindhis in their just struggle. This would be the noblest thing for them to do.
LOD,
You make a compelling argument and your line of reasoning is also based on historical evidence, its always nice to read your posts.
There are some points which need clarification, I will try to be objective and hope a similar response.
It is true the Mohajir community enjoyed a special status till probably 1971, though that is debatable since we had a pathan president since 1958. What canot be denied is the source of contention found in other ethnic people including the bengalese. In defence of the urdu speaking people, we should keep the Sub-Continent in perspective before partition. Muslim league was dominated by Muslims of united India, Delhi being the capital for India naturally imbibed a sense of governance in the urdu speaking muslim population which was transferred to the newly formed state called Pakistan. It was this spirit and probably also a sense of superiority practiced by the mohajirs that contributed to a general resentment by other nationalities.
Pathans have always dominated the transport business in Karachi, with Afghan refugees influx their numbers rose exponentially. Pathans and mohajirs till the 1980s always coexisted peacefully and it is also true that many of the Mqm boys were provided protection by the patan community during state crackdown of 1990's. All evidence points to the Afghan refugee problem which did not understand or respect the spirit of Pakistan and relied more on ethnic, tribal affiliations which led to friction and eventually open hostilities. By the way, one should also include the bihari factor when talking about transport in karachi. When the biharis moved from East pakistan to the remaining Pakistan, they settled in areas adjoining pathan localities and started their own transport businesses including many others. Since these peoplke were trained by Pak army in armed combat, they had the ability and nerve to respond with extreme violence.
Add to these factors the fact that Pa establishment used Karachi as a conduit for arms and drug conduit encouraging spread of klashinkof culture, increased flow of drugs, making of crime cartels, and most importantly setting up of supply chain for drugs and ammunition that needed to feed their target in afghanistan. It was this chain which has yet to be dismantled and the real source of many problems and yet source of ill-concieved wealth, and every nationality is involved some more than the others.
Bhuttos nationalization policy which targted mohajirs but that was more of a bonus point, his main objective was complete subjugation of the state including the capitalists who cud challenge his sense of power mania. Had he not indulged in nationalization, God only knows where Pakistan wud hv been today given our edge over other nations at that time (Korea, Malaysia, India).
Bhuttos quota policy is practiced till this date even with Mqm rising to power. Idea was to discriminate against the urdu speaking 'privelaged' class and give the rural sindhis a better chance to compete. Well, the question that needs to be asked is why not in Punjab or Frontier where majority of the population lives in rural areas and does not have the same chance as their peers in cities? This was clearly a policy which led to fissures and has yet to yield any posiitve results.
Mohajirs were followers of Mawdudi? Simply not true. Karachi had 8 (eight) national assembly seats in 1971, of which JI was ablt to win only two, remainder six went to other parties including one to PPP. Some of the left wing students of that time came from Karachi who loved and adored Bhutto, little did they know they were supporting a charlatan.
As for the claim issue, well wud u give the same advise to Punjabis, Sindhis, Baluchis, Pathans? Why do the minorities always have to comply with the demands of the power elite? All people of any race or religion need a sense of security, a sense of affiliation with something they can call home. Either we inculcate a sense of Pakistaniath irrespective of race or allow ethinic affiliations to prosper and be expressed in a civilized maner ie provincial autonomy.
Finally, Pakistan power elite has followed militarisitc policies since 1971 against its own people and other states with horrendous results. Not only we are isolated in the region, we have suffered as a nation which has no proper direction and more imprtantly lost its sense of history.
*And never mention the atrocities Muhajirs committed against Pashtuns. *
First Pashtuns were targeted in 1985. A Kashmiri minibus driver had incidently killed a Muhajir girl Bushra Zaidi and in hours dozens of busses belonging to Pashtuns had been set ablaze by Muhajirs. What were the motives behind this? To terrify Pashtuns so they vacate Karachi for Muhajirs.
An Afghan "Pashtun" also killed arguably the second greatest leader of Pakistan, Liaquat Ali Khan- A Muhajir whose family migrated from Indian Punjab. A lieutenant of Quaid e Azam, a Muslim League stalwart and most importantly a Muslim who believed in Pakistan.
*Causes: From 1947 to 1971, Muhajirs were a privleged COMMUNITY sharing power with Punjabis and pitched, in collaboration with THEM, against potential Bangali +Sindhi+Pashtun+Baluchi alliance. *
Why shouldn't Muhajirs be a privileged community? From before the partition, Muhajirs were the most educated (think Aligarh) the most business minded (think Guj. memon community) and the most politically aware and active (think the main supporters of the Muslim League). Muhajirs willingly gave up their land, family ties and migrated to Pakistan. The 'so called' Pakistanis only woke up on August 14 to find a 'Pakistan.' The support for Pakistan in the political quarters was tepid at best, yet the 'Muslim' element was the main factor for opting for Pakistan.
After Bangla Desh INDEPENDENCE, Mubashir Hassan, a clever Punjabi economic minister of Bhutto had proposed that to break Muhajir domination of the industrial and finance sector of Pakistan, there should be comprehensive nationalization.
This is partially true.
*Bhutto, as a Sindhi, had contradictions with Muhajirs. He went ahead with making Sindhi as the official language of Sindh to be compulsarily learnt by Muhajirs, nationalizing industries and financial institutions, and allocating separate quotas for Sindh Urban (Muhajirs) and Sindh Rural (Sindhis). Obviously, this greatly curtailed the excessive influence, power, and share of Muhajirs. Another factor was that, Punjabis and Pashtuns, who had initially migrated to Karachi as workers and labourers had now taken to certain professions and had started competing with Muhajirs in some commercial activities e.g. transportation. Muhajirs reacted abgrily to this decline in their status. *
This is also partially true. Muhajirs were hardly the "transport kings" before the arrival of other migrants to Karachi.
*Before 1971, Muhajirs were almost entirely followers of Muadudi but then they switched to aggressive/militant Muhajir ethnic nationalism. Pashtuns were the first target of this nationalism. *
Detail the circumstance of why Pashtuns were targeted? And why shouldn't Muhajirs have an ethnic nationalism? After only perusing the Pashtun, Baluchi, Sindhi, Punjabi threads here on Gupistan..where people talk of their provinces like it's their baap ki jageer (the Estate of their Father), it's only appropriate for the most educated, politically aware community to step up.
*Anyhow, past is the past! Now Muhajirs should stop laying exclusive claim to Karachi, Hayderabad, Sukhar and other urban centers of Sindh. The sons of the soil i.e. Sindhis have been pushed to the wall. The economy of rural Sindh is shambles. If the socio-economic conditions of interior Sindh were not improved, What I forsee is, in next 15-20 years, there will be a large-scale migration of educated and uneducated and skilled and unskilled Sindhis to Karachi and other urban centers of Sindh. An ethnic clash in that case is inevitable. *
Muhajirs will stop laying exclusive claims when Pashtuns do the same for NWFP, Punjabis for Punjab, Sindhis for Sindh, and Baluchis for Baluchistan. Muhajirs stood quietly by as non Muhajir Prime Ministers and Presidents talked up "Pakistaniyet" while supporting their core communities.
So resources should not be diverted to Karachi only leading to further marginalization of Sindhis. Sindhis should be given some breathing space.
Pashtuns of Karachi must also learn and adopt Sindhi language and culture and support Sindhis in their just struggle. This would be the noblest thing for them to do.
Be it Karachi or Lahore, New York or London, Muhajirs of Pakistan will be the stronger community..not because of the numerical superiority (like the Punjabis), or the clannish support (like the Pashtuns, Baluchis, Sindhis) but rather through education, civilization through centuries of holding power in India and an open outlook. Don't believe me? Just look at the facts.
Lucky for you, I am going to edit my response before I set many jokers on fire with some destructive facts and realities.
Most Muhajirs who originally immigrated to Pakistan are relatively more educated and skilled than their rural middle class counterparts. Despite having better academic qualifications and professional skills, Muhajirs have suffered discrimination in public services and in the armed forces since Ayub Khan’s martial law. Introduction of a quota system is one of such examples. This quota system later led to friction in the 1980s and ethnic strife in the 90s with the Punjabi population. The people from the province of Punjab have a well established rural cultural system and massive land ownership amongst their aristocracy. They have been the group to enjoy most numbers in the armed services and also in all key governmental posts and bureaucracy.
Today, many observers have said that the open discrimination against Muhajirs has considerablly been reduced. This was helped by the fact that some of the top Pakistani figures are of muhajir descent, which includes people of the performing arts and sports. It is also believed that discrimination against muhajirs has reduced or even vanished in some areas as current President of Pakistan and de-factor ruler, Pervez Musharraf, and the Governor of Sindh are both Muhajirs. In addition to that, the Muttahida Qaumi Movement (MQM), a Muhajir political party, is running the city district government of the city of Karachi and is publicly allied to the central government in Islamabad.
In the 1960s and 1970s, the Muhajirs only constituted 7% of the Pakistani population but monopolized most of its bureaucracy due to their higher educational backgrounds. Academia, finance, and the service sector in general quickly became engorged with Muhajir influence. This created resentment in other linguistic and ethnic groups of Pakistan, mainly the Punjabis who own most of the indigenous land of what became Pakistan. The Pakistani government tried to create a balance by introducing job quotas in bureaucracy and educational institutions to help other ethnic and linguistic groups to get their fair representation comparable to their share in the Pakistani population. This affirmative action by the government of Pakistan was resented by the Muhajirs who preferred qualification and merit as the only criteria for jobs and admission into universities. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muhajir_Urdu
Thats right, if that quota system is removed Muhajirs will rise on top once again…Why is that? I particularly like the fact that the tide is turning with President Musharraf, Shaukat Aziz (both Muhajirs) where the Muhajir community is not held down by likes of the racist jokers of gupistan. Like them or hate them, the Aziz-Musharraf team has done right for the Pakistani economy. Pure quantitative numbers back them. A long way to go but still better than the previous PMs, Presidents.
Exactly. Muhajirs have been looking the other way for so long, only to have ill informed jokers telling them the real deal. For a community comprising of less than 10% of Pakistan, Muhajirs have had an oversized impact.
Anyone want to discuss the revenues of Karachi, a Muhajir majority city?
The bad name that non Muhajirs have given Pakistan in the UK with their outdated views, lack of education etc?
The news of rape, karo kari and other JAAHIL practices of tribals, paindos and the like?
Despite the attempts of various groups to destroy Karachi, it still remains the business heartland of Pakistan, a truly cosmopolitan city where many of the non Muslim minirities still reside and prosper?
And yet there has been no calls (from sane quarters) of independence. Before you talk about rights and responsibilities, be sure to check yourself and what you have contributed to Pakistan.
Hustler... Im Punjabi, but I agree with a lot of what you have to say. Pakistan should be run on merit and qualifications... Still, seems difficult to comprehend how we will be able to appease everyone no matter what we do..
What a stupid thing to say, you actually believe Punjabis,Sindhis,Baloch etc, will not claim their own land that they have lived on for thousands of years?!
As for the 2nd part of your comment, Muhajir’s have never stood ‘quietly’. We all know the biggest terrorist group in Karachi is the MQM.
Karachi was a major port long before 1947.
The current ‘President’, PM and many Generals are Mohajirs so stop whining
As for the 2nd part of your comment, Muhajir's have never stood 'quietly'. We all know the biggest terrorist group in Karachi is the MQM.
Karachi was a major port long before 1947.
/quote]
Correction: Biggest terrorist if that is the correct description in Pakistan context is the Pak Army and their allies ie JI, LJ, SSP, JUI, Taleban. You need to take off your shuttered glasses and look at ALL Pakistanis as equal rather than post garbage expressing your latent prejuidices.
Karachi was a major port b4 1947? Either u r a complete imbecile or just plain ignorant, any student of Pak studies or someone who has lived in Pakistan knows Karachi was a small very very small port at time of partition.
You should not be posting garbage also. The Pakistan war of '71 was nothing like what’s happening in Iraq now, where a foreign country has sent troops into another country to occupy it. In 1971, it was West Pakistani troops that were sent to quell the uprising in East Pakistan because of some idiot who was voted in by semi literate masses through telling a bucket load of lies that Bengal would be the richest country in the world, spinning golden threads of jute if it were not for the West Pakistanis taking away all their money - now they got their Bangladesh and they’re one of the poorest nations in the world, not the richest! The political lies that have been told about that war by the Bengali rulers are already being debunked (as if they werent before by the sheer idiocy of the claims)
Waziristan is the elimination of foreign fanatics from Pakistan, which I’m in favour of. These people arent Pakistani, and I would much rather have Pakistani troops doing the searching for them, than American troops.
As for Balochistan, that’s a very low intenstity skirmish is the best word, against sardars, who do need to be gotten rid of for Pakistan to progress in Balochistan. These feudal idiots are on the run like Bugti, and their land is being divided up as it should be legally to the people who really own the land - that is the people of Sui and Balochistan.
You need to read some good history books and I mean a lot cause u hv no knowledge and r totally dependent upon your frail comprehensive abilities hampered by your suffering from ASS (attention span syndrome).
Its people like u who claim they know better than others yet have no idea, what is worse the endorsement of mass murder based on some illogica and manufacturedl reasoning such as foreigners, terrorists whatever. Ask the proud Bengalese what they thought of west paki troops, for them they had become the oppressive occupiers and needed to be thrown out, which they finally did in 1971. Same thing is being repeated in Baluchistan every 10 or 20 years, it started in 1948 and continues till date. Justifying murder of innocent civilians on the pretext of eliminating corrupt sardar once again exposes your lack of Pak knowlegde and shows your lack of respect for other people right to express dissatisfaction over disputed issues such as demanding the right to be treated fairly and equitable manner. Then again, I may have already lost u becose of your ASS…:smokin:
Yes, good history books, no doubts you will suggest impartial, scientifically based neutral ones like “Massacre” by Robert Payne in which he overhears Yahya Khan blurt out “Kill 3 million of them” which like the amazingly accurate soldiers they were, the Pak Army managed to do, then of course Yahya Khan went and farted in an elevator, which Robert Payne also managed to record whilst he tracked his every move.
Look, you little twit! Balochistan is not a popular uprising, it is one or two sardars running around destroying a pipeline or two. This is not a big uprising and cannot be a big uprising because the sardars (though they have very small untrained men working for them), are nothing like in the numbers the Pakistan Army were. They oppose development of Balochistan to try and extend their own survival, which isnt going to be much longer by the looks of things, and the people of Balochistan do not support them, rather they are forced to accept them due to the apathy of the previous Pakistani governments. You are simply too daft to understand the situation in Balochistan, if you did you would not be supporting these feudal idiots, though perhaps mental retardation is something you would support.
It’s actually not justification of murder, you’re one of these hippy-clad morons living in a world of “pinkness and bright gay colours” who get up each day and waste away in the comfort of your armchair, without knowing or understanding the real situation in Balochistan, and how progression is being halted by people bent on their own survival, which is better for the people of Balochistan, to be kept back or to create jobs, educate and give them development, then you might be able to see which side is a force of good here. I can see why you picked your name now, it’s simply an manifestation of a mentally retarded semi educated, immature, acne ridden blundering buffoon who wouldnt know his head from his collosal rear end. Idiot.
You are the one who needs to read history again, why do you think so many Muhajirs came to Karachi? It was already an established city so stop trying to pretend that only Mohajirs have built it.
And yes, Pak Army and fundos are terrorist, but as you cannot read English, I said the biggest terrorists in Karachi are the MQM. No one has killed as many innocent people in Karachi as MQM, including many,many Muhajirs
You deserve a Prize for being so perfect in analysing a historical event so very much recorded otherwise in dozens of books and in the end I would like to kick your a$$ and drain you down the severage line.
I guess you must be Bungli then. You wanting to kick my “a$$” is just the same as he content of those books - DREAMS. All those books have been disproved even by the authors themselves who published them in the seventies to try and sell them to as many gullible fools as possible to make as much money as possible - many were paid to do so. I guess you’ll want proof too. Try first of all reading Archie Blood’s book (he was the main US politician in Dhaka who advocated a genocide was occuring in East Pakistan in '71, around which all those money-making books are based) - Archer Blood’s memoirs published in 2002 state that he retracts basically everything he said in '71, because it wasnt true. Here’s a direct quote from his memoirs.
"… as Bengali resistance increased in the countryside, and a situation of civil war was approached, we realised that the term “genocide” was not appropriate to characterise all killings of Muslim Bengalis. Atrocities were being committed on both sides…It seemed to us that Army violence was increasingly being used for military purposes, i e, to secure control of the countryside.”
Blood, Archer (2002):* The Cruel Birth of Bangladesh: Memoirs of an American Diplomat,* The University Press, Dhaka
The current mainstream thinking is that most of what was reported in those books is bs, as the reports by Bengalis themselves recently show
The Bengali nationalists at the very least were the cause of many indiscriminate killings in a cycle of violence that began out of a silly nationalistic scenario, though one which has benefitted Pakistan tremendously since.
If u do not have a spine or the courage to accept you were wrong then no one will help you. Your statement was A BIG PORT, now u claim already established city, so make up your mind (ie if u hv one)…
roadrunner is the perfect embodiment of the army style elitist mentality that forced the Bengalis to hate West Pakistan so much. Today this same arrogance is forcing many others down the same path.
Some people are indeed jealous of the success of Muhajirs and it shows in their words and actions.
It's actually not justification of murder, you're one of these hippy-clad morons living in a world of "pinkness and bright gay colours" who get up each day and waste away in the comfort of your armchair, without knowing or understanding the real situation in Balochistan, and how progression is being halted by people bent on their own survival, which is better for the people of Balochistan, to be kept back or to create jobs, educate and give them development, then you might be able to see which side is a force of good here. I can see why you picked your name now, it's simply an manifestation of a mentally retarded semi educated, immature, acne ridden blundering buffoon who wouldnt know his head from his collosal rear end. Idiot.
Its seems I have touched a sensitive cord, so maybe this will help:
"They are smart, they are creative, they are committed," Admiral Harris said. "They have no regard for life, neither ours nor their own. I believe this was not an act of desperation, but an act of asymmetrical warfare waged against us."
This is Rear Admiral Harry B. Harris, commander of the Guantanamo Bay prison. His words appeared, without comment, in the first news reports about three men, detained indefinitely and subjected to systematic torture at the prison, who committed suicide on Saturday by hanging themselves in their cells.
Your obstinate buffoonary prevents educated discussion, so here is some a taste of your daily diet of insults for your consumption only:
We can describe roadrunner as a person who has little tolerance for criticism, ignoramus would describe his personality trait, but then there is a treasure of verbosity which needs to be mentioned such as addle-pate, ass, blockhead, bonehead, boob, cretin, dimwit, dingbat, dolt, dope, dork, dumbbell, dumbo, dummy, dunce, dunderhead, fool, goose, halfwit, idiot, imbecile, lamebrain, loony, loser, lunkhead, mental defective, muttonhead, numskull, retard, simp, simpleton, stoop, stupid, tomfool, zany, dodo, dolt, dullard, dumb bunny, dumb cluck, dumb head, dumb ox, dumdum, ass, birdbrain, dunderhead, fool, goof, goof ball, goon, half-baked, half-wit, jackass, jerk to just mention a few....then again the only three words which describes people of RR mental capacity would be 'small minded bigots'.
Some people are indeed jealous of the success of Muhajirs and it shows in their words and actions.
I do not care who hates West Pakistan, least of all Bengalis. Pakistan is full of immigrant Bangladeshi sweepers looking for jobs. Pakistan is steadily heading towards prosperity, a lot of people envy this, a lot of other Muslim countries have tried their best to hinder this prosperity. Yet, those very same people remain impovershed, surely this is a case of divine intervention for their lies and jealousy?
As to your rather ignorant comment about forcing the Bengalis to hate West Pakistan, this was done by their own leaders, who spread the stories that East Pakistan was the richest country in the world, if it wasnt for repression, when in actual fact, there was no repression, political or economical - at least not anymore so than any other province in Pakistan.
I'm not jealous of Muhajirs, the Pakistani president is a Muhajir, and he's done an excellent job or turning the country round.
I particularly like the fact that the tide is turning with President Musharraf, Shaukat Aziz (both Muhajirs) where the Muhajir community is not held down by likes of the racist jokers of gupistan. Like them or hate them, the Aziz-Musharraf team has done right for the Pakistani economy. Pure quantitative numbers back them. A long way to go but still better than the previous PMs, Presidents.
You are the one who needs to read history again, why do you think so many Muhajirs came to Karachi? It was already an established city so stop trying to pretend that only Mohajirs have built it.