Dr Qadeer linked to N-black market
By Kamran Khan
KARACHI: Pakistani investigators have made an independent confirmation of the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) allegation that nuclear scientist Dr Abdul Qadeer Khan had direct ties with international black market dealers who sold non-peaceful nuclear technology and hardware to Iran and Libya, and offered similar deals to Syria and former Iraqi dictator Saddam Hussein, well informed officials have said.
“To show its commitment and international responsibility to nuclear proliferation, Pakistan has assured the IAEA of strong legal action against the culprits,” said a senior official, who confirmed that Dr Khan has been advised to stay home, which is now being guarded by the military intelligence sleuths.
Officials said that while the real identity of many traffickers of nuclear secrets, mostly Europeans, is yet to be established, Pakistani investigators and IAEA have no doubt that at least two senior Pakistani nuclear scientists were the main “sources of supply” for the nuclear black marketeers who principally operated out of Dubai.
Pakistani investigators have been told while the nuclear black marketeers arranged continued practical support from the senior Pakistani nuclear scientist for Iran, the deal for Libya got stuck because of Col Qaddafi’s decision a few years ago to freeze his programme, but no progress was made with Syria and Iraq after some initial contacts in mid nineties.
“They are shrewd nameless operators who routinely change their identities, not like Pakistanis who operated upfront,” according to an informed official, who said that Pakistan failed miserably in preventing Dr Khan from seeking publicity unlike other countries where the nuclear scientists are kept from public glare.
“Not many years ago when the father of an extremely successful Chinese nuclear programme died the Peoples Daily carried a three-line story on its inside page,” the official recalled while disclosing that since 1988 Dr Khan spent about Rs 50 million to finance media events eulogising his role as Father of Islamic Bomb.
**“Money trail is one solid piece of evidence,” said one official. “But most importantly the governments of Iran and Libya have exposed the racket. They made no attempt to hide their sources as if they wanted to settle score with Pakistani scientists.”
A senior official, familiar with the nuclear investigation, said that the initial observations from the IAEA, against some Pakistani scientists was so damning that President Musharraf decided to personally confront Dr A Q Khan in the last week of November last year.**
“For the first time ever I saw tears in the President’s eyes, who thought that it was the worst ever breach of the nation’s trust,” recalled a presidential aide, who said the president wanted to listen to Dr Khan’s side of the story, but he literally had no defence. :rolleyes:
Dr A Q Khan later had extensive debriefing sessions with the ISI chief Lt Gen Ehsanul Haq and Commander Strategic Planning and Development Cell Lt Gen Khalid Kidwai.
**Pakistani investigators said that they have strong reasons to believe that misusing a benign government authority for peaceful nuclear cooperation with Iran, Dr A Q Khan authorised transfer of related information, including blue prints, names of third party contacts to Iranian authorities. He later helped Iran produce centrifuges for the uranium enrichment in early nineties.
Pakistani officials have privately acknowledged that the recent events exposed highest levels of negligence, financial impropriety and security lapses at the Khan Research Laboratory, the nation’s most sensitive nuclear installations throughout the nineties.
“Successive army chiefs and the heads of various military intelligence services looked the other way as insiders volunteered information about all sorts of problems in the highest echelon of the KRL bureaucracy,” said one official source.
“It was a no-question asked regime for the KRL,” said a nuclear scientist who had spent 30 years in the country’s nuclear programme. “Dr Khan was never supposed to answer or explain his most frequent trips. He spent billions of dollars without any check.”
Several Pakistani nuclear scientists guessed that Pakistan must have spent close to US $10 billion on the programme since early seventies, but no one in the country can give the exact amount as no accounts for this largest expenditure in the nation’s history were ever maintained.
“It was no secret that big chunks of procurements are made through companies directly or indirectly operated by the son-in-law and the Dubai-based brother of Dr. Khan,” , said a retired military intelligence official .
“It is a matter of record that for his daughters wedding the top nuclear scientist imported an exclusive US $400,000 Teflon Tent from Florida. He gifted BMWs and houses to his daughters. At one time he got so excited that he gifted a house in Islamabad to his palmist.”
Another retired senior ISI official said that the Agency had several dossiers on corruption at the KRL. “Complaints start pouring in late eighties and Gen Hamid Gul was the first ISI chief to receive specific reports of corruption at the highest levels of KRL in 1988,” said the former ISI official “One of our top nuclear scientist met Gen Gul to ring the warning bell.”
The same ISI source said that Gen Hamid Gul’s successor Lt Gen (Retd) Kallu had penned first report on corruption at the KRL for a former prime minister who choose to ignore that for fear of retribution from the army.
Dr A Q Khan’s visits to Iran were in the full knowledge of the ISI as its then chief Lt Gen Asad Durrani, like his boss Gen Aslam Beg, was among the main proponents of Pakistan-Iran defence cooperation.**
“If Gen Durrani didn’t know what was going on between the KRL and the Iranian scientists in 1991 and 1992, then it was terrible miss for the ISI,” the former ISI source said.
Several Pakistani officials argue that the fact that Iranian money in exchange for the nuclear technology landed in the personal accounts of two Pakistani scientists and stayed there for several years is the biggest proof that it was a rogue operation planned and executed by nuclear black marketeers in collusion with Pakistani scientists.
Well-informed Pakistani officials said that after holding information on financial impropriety to the tunes of hundreds of millions of dollars at the KRL for several years, Dr A Q Khan was first confronted with evidence by the previous ISI chief Lt Gen Mahmoud Ahmad in 2001, on whose recommendation President Musharraf ordered his transfer from the KRL.
“Even at that point the president decided not to further investigate the corruption charges or to prosecute Dr Khan,” said an official. Several Pakistani officials informed that aides to the president are still divided on the nature of action to be initiated against Dr Khan. “President is all out for the prosecution, but many aides think that deseating Dr Khan from his present cabinet position is enough to send a strong message,” a senior official said.