Sherazz sir, now what did I do? Why does it hurt you to see the truth about your self, you end up making false case about me man. Get over it already. ENOUGH!!!
Take it easy sir.
http://www3.pak.org/gupshup/smilies/smile.gif
Some informative links:
watcher,
You are again trying to exploit the situation. We are all aware of your bad intentions man. Just delet those insane crazy links from your signature or you will suffer.
Sheeraz,
Just ignore watcher's non sensical replies and threads because if you reply to them, they will come up again. Just relax and chill my man. Reply to good informative threads about Islamic events or discussion.
Admin sahab,
The links in watcher's signatures are offensive to other faiths, therefore we request you to limit his preferences.
Cool Guy
i hope admin is smart enough to figure out who the real fitna is here
and do something about it
sheeraz,
Take it easy sir
http://www3.pak.org/gupshup/smilies/smile.gif
Just chill man and do NOT reply to this thread. Open another thread about watcher. Just concentrate on the main intellectual threads. Guess you got my point.
Watcher, that is exactly the reason i didnt mention any names like shias or whoever in my post. I figured hadith rejectors would know who they are......no need to mention names there.
hk i thought it was clear to u that shia are not hadith rejecters..however they do reject books like bukhari, sahi etc
we can open another thread and discuss about this topic..i would be very happy to do that
Woaaaaaah. I am trying to exploit what? Give me a break. Don’t put your words in my mouth sir. You make up stuff which I never mention in my and say I am trying to exploit you? Come on already, first you reject the hadiths, than you inferiorate Mohammad in order to show respect to your imaams and now this? ENOUGH ALL READY!!!
HK, these people just can’t take the facts. Look at them, in every post they are…insulting others, making up false hadiths and fables about Islam!!! No one is taking any action, when we confront them, we get ban.
http://www3.pak.org/gupshup/smilies/frown.gif
Talk about their ignorences and arrogances and egotism of their falsehoodness!!!
May Allah guide those who are on wrong path, may Allah guide you to the path of QURAN and SUNNAH. Ameen.
http://www3.pak.org/gupshup/smilies/smile.gif
Take it easy sir.
V~V~VHe came, He saw, He conqueredV~V~V**
[This message has been edited by The Watcher (edited November 02, 2000).]
I guess no one tried to read all that I had to say!
[This message has been edited by Sugar and spice (edited November 03, 2000).]
[quote]
Originally posted by Sherazz:
**hk i thought it was clear to u that shia are not hadith rejecters..however they do reject books like bukhari, sahi etc
we can open another thread and discuss about this topic..i would be very happy to do that**
[/quote]
sherazz, i never mentioned anything specific.......however, i have read some posts by some shia people here who DO reject hadith on the basis that they weren't authentic and were recorded 300 yrs after the Holy Prophet (saw)'s death...now there's enough proof (some mentioned in Watcher's article) of that assumption being totally wrong.
[This message has been edited by hk (edited November 03, 2000).]
hk shia people go to majlises and there we learn..we talk about Prophet and His sayings..i dont know what shia u are talking about but we do have hadith and we treasure them
[quote]
Originally posted by hk:
** sherazz, i never mentioned anything specific.......however, i have read some posts by some shia people here who DO reject hadith on the basis that they weren't authentic and were recorded 300 yrs after the Holy Prophet (saw)'s death...now there's enough proof (some mentioned in Watcher's article) of that assumption being totally wrong.
[This message has been edited by hk (edited November 03, 2000).]**
[/quote]
HK,sorry i didn't post any comment in your similar topic post earlier.Not many muslim know exactly what advice or direction are from koran & what from Hadith & what is sunnah & not farz.As everybody knows that save for aethist ,all other religions believe in god & some (hindus) in several gods.So it is even not uncommon for hindus to say that "ishwar allah tere naam".Which is fine b/c unlike commonly believed in hindus & most non muslims that muslims are after every non muslim neck& if it assures them that we do consider a peaceful person no matter what his belief or non belief is ,a friend,a human atleast of minium human conduct as islam teaches us.Either by design or by misunderstanding ,muslims are believed to be nice ,kind ,charitable &human to ONLY,Muslims (only)This can't be further from truth,distortion,propoganda & demonizing us.At times muslims are instructed to maaintain unity,ummah as whole as a community to fight & co operate together ,is purposely distorted by interpreters like Anwar Sheikh Arun Shourie ,Varsha Bhosle ,all indian stooges,as blood thirsty muslim jehadi barbarian taliban crying alla o akbar in war cry LOL.It amuses me at there STUPIDITY.
Muslim is sum of 5 pillars of islam,koran+hadith(which may have diff, version)sunnah (still more room for differing in practice)
As you can Hadith was not writen 300 yrs after islam but within 100 yrs of hijr. calender.If we have to folloe laws made within one year that is 2000 yrs after christ ,i would think the lateness or early ness of hadith is not depedent on its date ather authencity &correctness of its logic,sense &principles.
Assalam au aalikum wa rahmatulahi wabarakatauhu,
Part 4 of 4 completeing the extract on hadiths. This final section deals
with some of the famous hadith collectors. And may Allah (swt)
have mercy on us all, ameen
fi amanallah, assalma au alaikum, f
Studies in Hadith Methodology & Literature
by
M M Azami
(abridged and edited by me)
Contents:
- Imam Malik b Anas
- Ahmad b Muhammad b Hanbal
- Imam Bukhari
- Imam Husain Muslim b al Hajjaj al Nusapuri
- Abu Abdur Rahman Ahmad b Shuhaib b Ali b Sinan b Bahr al Khurasani an Anasai
- Abu Dawud Sulaiman b al-Aashath Al Azdi as Sijistani
- Muhammad b Isa b Saura b Musa b al Dahhak at Tirmidhi
- Abu Abdullah Muhammad b Yazid ar Rabi (Ibn Majah)
- Abul Qasim Sulaiman b Ahmad b Ayyub al Tabarani al Lakhami
- Abu as Saadat al Mubarak b Muhammad b Abdul Karim al Jazari (Ibn al Athir al Jazari)
- Ali b Abu Bakr b Sulaiman al Haithami
- Jalaluddin Abdur Rahman b Kamaluddin As Suyuti
Imam Malik b Anas
He was born in 93 AH in Medina. His great grandfather was a companion of the
Prophet Muhammad and his father was a successor of the Prophet. His families
origins are from Yemen, though they settled in Medina at the time of the
Prophet. He was married to Fatima, and they had three children: Yahya,
Muhammad and Hammad. His father was fervent in ensuring that Mailk studied.
Once, for example Malik made a mistake with regards to a question his father
asked him. When he answered incorrectly his father said it may havebeen to
him (Malik) spending too much time playing with pigeons. Thereafter Malik
put greater concentration into his studies. Whilst Malik did not travel
abroad to study ahadiths, he learned from the scholars, many of whom visited
Medina. Malik had over a thousand students. His relationship with the
political authorities was amicable, though he did not do them any favours.
When asked about his relations with the Caliphs and Governors, he replied
that they are in need of sincere advice, as it is the duty of every learned
person to meet them and direct them towards good and forbid them from doing
evil.
The Caliph Abu Jafar asked Malik to write a book which may be promulgated as
the law of the state all over the Islamic world, and it would be used to
judge and govern, and anyone who differed form it would be persecuted. Malik
disagreed with this and said that the Companions of the Prophet were
scattered all over the Muslims world, especially in the time of Caliph Umar
who used to send them as teachers. The people kearned from the Companions,
and every generation learned from the previous ones. In many cases there is
more than one choice in practising Islam. One of the aspects of Islam has
been emphasised by some scholars while others took other aspects. As a
result there are a variety of methods and most of them equal in status.
Therefore, if one tries to change them from what they know to what they do
not know they will think it is a heresy. Hence it is better to leave every
city with whatever knowledge it has of Islam. Abu Jafar appreciated this
fairsightedness [1]. Even when the Caliph wanted that Malik should read this
book to the Princes, the scholar replied:
"Knowledge does not go to the people but people come to it"
Malik was physically beaten by order of the Governor of Medina Jafar b
Sulaiman because one of his fatwas (legal decisions) was regarded as a move
against the authorities. He died in 179 AH.
Some of his worsk include:
- Risalah ila Ibn Wahb fil Qadr
- Kitab an Nujum
- Risalatun fil Aqdiya
- Tafsir lu Ghrib al Quran
- Risalah ila Al Laith b Saad
- Risalah ila Abu Ghusain
- Kitab al Siyar
- Kitab al Manasik
- Kitab al Muwatta
The fate of most of these books is unknown, however Malik is famous for his
school of thought (Maliki), his personal character, his scholarship and his
book Muwatta Imam Malik.
The Muwatta records ahadith of the Prophet and legal decisions of the early
scholars of Medina. A famous lawyer Abdul Aziz b Abdullah al Majshun (d.
164) compiled a book containing legal decisions only. Malik criticised his
work and said that if he had compiled the works he would have begun with
athar and then followed them with legal decisions. Later on Malik produced
his work in this pattern. Muwatta is not purely a hadith book. It contains
the ahadith of the Prophet, legal opinions of the companions and the
successors and or some later authorities. In Muwatta, Malik refers very
frequently to the unanimous opinions of the scholars of Medina on subjects
where there is no hadith from the prophet, or even in understanding the
hadith of the Prophet and its application.
Malik collected a large amount of material over a 40 year period for the
Muwatta. He steadily revised this work reducing it in material. It has more
than eighty versions, fifteen of them are more famous and now only one
version, that od Yahya b Yahya is available in its original form, complete
and printed. This version contains:
- Ahadith from the Prophet
- Athar from the Companions
- Athar from the later authorities
Famous commentaries on Muwatta are by:
- Ibn Abdul Barr who compiled two, At Tamhid and Al Istidhkar
- Sulaiman b Khalag Al Baji(d. 474) who compild two, Al Istifa and Al Muntaqa (seven volumes)
- Az Zurqani Muhammad b Abdul Baqi (d. 1122) (four volumes)
- Muhammad Zakariya Al Kandhalawi (1315- ), who wrote Aujaz al Masalik Sharh Muwatta
Ahmad b Muhammad b Hanbal
Ahmad's father was a Mujahid who lived in Basra. He went to Marw as a Ghazi,
where Ahmad was born in 164 AH. Later on, while still an infant he was
brought to Baghdad. His father died at the age of 30, and his mothers name
was Safiyah bint Maimuna bint Abdul Malik ash Shaibani. Ahmad used to dye
his hair, was a tall and dark brown man [2]. He began to study ahadith when
he was 16 years old and during his lifetime memoriesd over a million. He is
aleading personality in Islamic history who combined knowledge of ahadith
and law. He challenged the Calip and his religious authority, was imprisoned
for a long time and was treated very harshly by the authorities, however he
never surrendered and there are books written on his inquisition.
The sect known as Mutazilites (free thinkers) had a great impact on the
Calips, Mamun, al Mutasim and al Wathiq who made it the official creed of
the state. However Ahmad and other muhaddithins refused to accept it,
shortly aftewrads Ahmad was brought before the inquisition from Baghdad to
Tarsus in heavy chains. Ahmad suffered corporal punishment.under Caliph
Mutasim, who repeatedly asked him to accept teh Mutazilitie point of view
saying that he would free Ahmad if he accepted it. Ahmad was trampled under
the feet of Mutasim's servants and some of his joints were dislocated. Later
a group of executioners were brought and each of them whipped Ahmad two
stripes with thier full strength. After some time Ahmad lost conciousness,
and upon regaining conciousness he was offered a drink but refused saying
that he didnt wish to break his fast [3].
Imam Ahmad said that he was going through the meaning of a verse of the
Quran "The recompense for an injury is an injury equal thereto (in degree):
but if a person forgives and makes reconciliation His reward is due from
Allah: for Allah loveth not those who do wrong" (42:40). He found that a
great scholar of the first century Hasan al Basri (21-110) explained its
meaning saying that in thehereafter all the nations of the world would be
kneeling down infront of Allah. Then it would be proclaimed that those
people should stand whose reward is due from Allah, upon which no one would
stand except those who pardoned the wrong doers in this world. Reading this
passage Ahmad pardoned his wrongdoers.
Hamad refused any favors from the Government. Later without his knowledge
some pensions were offered to his sons and cousions. When he came to know
about this, he cut himself off from them. In the early days he used to
borrow things from their houses, but later he refused to have even his
medicine and meals to be prepared on their stoves.
Ahmad compiled many works, some of which are:
- Al Ilal wa Marifat ar Rijal
- Tarikh
- An Nasikh wal Mansukh
- At Tafsir
- Al Manasikh
- Al Ashribah
- Al Zuhd
- Al radd Ala az Zanadiqa wa al Jahmiya
- Al Musnad
His most famous text is Musnad. A Musnad is not compiled in accordance with
theissues in law. The only criteria is to collect ahadith of a certain
companion in one place. However the compilers differe in the arrangements of
the names of the companions used. Musnad's are not easy to use as there is
no subject by subject arrangement of material at all, thus it is difficultto
find a particular hadith. Ahmad's Musnad was published in 6 volumes in 1313
AH.
Imam Bukhari
Bukhari was born in 194 AH at Bukhara. His father was a scholar of hadith,
who studied under some of the best scholars such as Malik b Anas, Hammad b
Zaid and Ibn al Mubarak. His father died when he was young, and so Bukhari
inherited a great fortune entrusting it to people as partnership businesses.
One of his clients owed him 25,000 dirhams and did not intend on paying, and
so it was suggested to Bukhari that the case be taken to the Governor,
however he refused to do so in fear that the Governor may later ask him of a
favor. Bukhari had an effectionate mother and an elder brother named Ahmad.
Bukhari began his studies of hadith from a young age, less than 10. By the
age of 16 he had memorised many books of prominent early scholars. Not only
did he learn the hadiths but also biographies of the narrators including
their date of birth, death, place of birth etc. Bukhari stayed in Hijaz for
six years to learn hadith and journeyed to Baghdad 8 times. In one of his
journeys to Adam b Abu Ayas his money was finished. Penniless, he lived for
a long time on the leaves of wild plants.
In criticising the early scholars to evaluate them he used very moderate
language. He was generous to his students, one of whim, Muhammad b Abu Hatim
said, "Bukhari used to wake up in the night dozens of times, lit the lamp by
flint, made some marks on certain hadith and then slept. I asked him, 'Why
do you not casll me and suffer all these things alone?' He replied, You are
young and I did not wish to disturb your sleep".
When Bukhari arrived in Baghdad, scholars gathered to examine his memory.
They pointed to ten men, everyone of them to read ten ahadith. All of them
changed the isnad (chain of narration) and put it with a different matn. One
oby one they began to read ahadith asking him whether he knew it. He
constantly replied, 'Not known to me'. Those who knew that it was an actual
examination said of Bukhari that he understood the case, while the general
impression was that Bukhari's knowledge was very meagre and his memory was
very bad. After the questions ended, he systematically explained to them
which isnad belonged to which hadith. Bukhari dies in 256 AH.
Some of his texts are:
- Qadaya as Sahaba wat Tabiins
- Raf al Yadain
- Qiraat khal al Imam
- Khalq Afal Al Ibad
- at Tafsir al Kabir
- Al Musnad al Kabir
- Tarikh Saghir
- Tarikh Awsat
- Tarikh Kabir (8 vols)
- al Adab al Mufrad
- Birr al walidain
- Ad duafa
- Al Jami al Kabir
- Al Ashriba
- Al Hibah
- Asami as Sahaba
- Al Wuhdan
- Al Mabsut
- Al Ilal
- Al Kuna
- Al Fawaid
- Sahih of Bukhari
Bukhari's most famous work is Sahih of Bukhari, whose full title is Al Jami
al Musnad As Sahih al Mukhtasar min umur Rasulullahi was sunanihi wa
Ayyamihi, which means: An epitome containing all types of authentic musnad
ahadith concerning the Prophet, his sunna and his wars. Bukhari spent 16
years in its compilation. For every hadith he selected to put in his sahih,
Bukhari used to take a bath and pray two rakah nafl and made istikhara.
Later on, if he was satisfied he put the hadith in his book.
Bukhari took a portion of the hadith for the heading of the chapter, also he
repeated ahadith time after time according to their legal decudtion. The
number of ahadith in his book is 9,082 but without repetition it goes down
to 2,602. This number does not include ahadith muqufah and sayings of
successors.
Bukhari had strict conditions for accepting hadith. The narrator must be of
a very high grade of personal character, of a very high grade of literary
and academic standard. There must be positive information about narrators
that they met one another and the student learned from the teacher.
There have been hundreds of exegeses on Sahih of Bukhari, some exceeding 25
volumes. The best include, Fathul Bari by Ibn Hajar (d. 852), Umdatul Qari
by Aini (d. 855) and Irshad as Sar by Qastallani (d. 923).
Imam Husain Muslim b al Hajjaj al Nusapuri
Muslim was born in 204 AH and began his studies in hadith in 218 AH. As
rihla (journey) for the study of hadith was an essential element, Muslim
visited almost of the centers of learning many times. Muslim was a merchant
of good fortune and of best reputation.
His works include:
- Al Asmaawa al Kuna
- Ifrad ash Shamiyin
- Al Aqran
- Al Intifa bi Julud as Siba
- Awham al Muhaddithin
- Al Tarikh
- At Tamyiz
- Al Jami
- Hadith Amr b Shuhaib
- Rijal Urwah
- Sawalatuh Ahmad b Hanbal
- Tabaqat
- Al Ilal
- Al Mukhadramin
- Al Musnad al Kabir
- Mashaikh ath Thauri
- Mushaikh Shubah
- Mashaikh Malik
- Al wuhdan
- As Sahih al Masnad
His most important work is his Sahih, which contains 3033 hadith. And the
most widely used exegeses of his text is that by an Nawawi (d. 676) called
Al Minhaj fi Sharh Sahih Muslim b Al Hajjaj.
Abu Abdur Rahman Ahmad b Shuhaib b Ali b Sinan b Bahr al Khurasani an-Nasai
Nasai was born in 215 AH. He took extensive journeys to learn ahadith and
began travelling from the age of 15. He learned hadith in Khurasan, Iraq,
Arabia, Syria, Egypt and al Jazira. He was a great scholar and critic.He
accompanied the Governor of Egypt on Jihad and would advice them of the
sunnah. Nasia was very accurate in his recording, however there was a
misunderstanding between him and his teacher Al Harith b Miskin, therefore
he would sit where he could not be seen, but in his records would write, 'I
heard this hadith while it was read to al Harith bin Miskin'.
Some of his works include:
- As Sunan al Kubra
- As Sunan al Mujtaba
- Kitab at Tamyiz
- Kitab ad duafa
- Khasais Ali
- Musnad Ali
- Musnad Malik
- Manasik al Hajj
- Tafsir
His most important text is As Sunan al Mujtaba which is the edited version
of Sunan al Kubra. It is said that when he compiled Sunan al Kubra, he
presented it to the Governor of Ramlah, the Governor asked him whether or
not all the ahadith were accurate, Nasai replied in the negative. And so he
compiled Sunan al Mujtaba.
Abu Dawud Sulaiman b al-Aashath Al Azdi as Sijistani
Abu Dawud was born in 202 AH. He travelled extensively to Khurasan, Rayy,
Harat, Kufa, Baghdad, Tarsus, Damascus, Egypt and Basra. He began the
learning of hadith while he was less than 20 years old. He gained a wide
reputation in his lifetime. Basra was deserted due to disturbance of Zanj in
257 AH. The Governor Abu Ahmad visited Abu Dawud in his house in Baghdad and
requested that he move to Basra so that the seserted city may be
rehabilitated by his presence and gathering of the scholars and students.
The scholars are unanimous about his great ability, trustworthiness and
accuracy. He was not only a good narrator of hadith but also a good lawyer.
Sometimes he checked written material, papers, and ink to discover their
age.
He was married and had children. Abu Dawud died in 275 AH.
His works include:
- Al Marasil
- Masail al Iman Ahmad
- An Nasikh wal Mansukh
- Risalah fi wasf kitab as sunan
- Az Zuhd
- Ijabatan Sawalat Al Ajurri
- Asilahan Ahmad b Hanbal
- Tasmiyat al Akhwan
- Kitab al Qadr
- Al Bath wan Nushur
- Al Masail allati halafa alaiha al Imam Ahmad
- Dalail an Nubuwat
- Fadail al Ansar
- Musnad Malik
- Ad Dua
- Ibtida al wahy
- At Tafarrud fus sunan
- Akhbar al Khawarij
- Alam an Nubuwat
- Sunan
His most famous text, Sunan Abu Dawud was compiled when he stayed in Tarsus
for twenty years. He selected seom 4,800 ahadith from 500,000 for his sunan,
and he was contended with only one ot two hadith for each chapter, he
writes:
"I do not record more than one or two hadith in every chapter though there
were other authentic hadith concerning the same chapter, as it would be too
much as I meant one (book) which could be used easily" [4]
Many commentaries have been written on the book, the best is Shamsul Haq
Azimabadis Awn al Mabud Sharh Sunan Abi Dawud.
Muhammad b Isa b Saura b Musa b al Dahhak at Tirmidhi
Tirmidhi was born in 209 AH and began travelling for the study of hadith
aged 26 returning to his home twon Khurasa around 250 AH. He was influenced
by Bukhari and in his book 'Ilal' he explicitely states that he did not find
one like Bukhari in Iraq or Khurasan. Tirmidhi died in 279 AH.
Some of his works are:
- Al Jami Al Mukhtasar min as Sunan an Rasulilliah
- Tawarikh
- al Ilal
- al Ilal al Kabir
- Shamail
- Asma as Sahaba
- Al Asma wal Kuna
- Al athar al Mauqufa
His most famous work is Al Jami (or, as Sunan at Tirmidhi). A Jami is a book
containing ahadith which include Siyar (international law), Adab (social
behaviour), Tafsir (exegesis of the Quran), Aqida (belief), Fitan (laws of
all kinds), Al Ashrut and Manaqib (Biograpgies of the Prophet and certain
companions).
Tirmidhi's goal was to collect the ahadith of the prophet systematically,
discussing the legal opinions of early Imams regarding the subject.
Therefore he mentioned only those ahadith which were mentioned by early
scholars as the basis for their legal decisions. The text has been divided
into 50 sub books, and contain 3956 ahadith. The best commentary compiled
on this work is by Abdur Rahman Mubarakpuri titled, Tuhfat al Ahwadhi in 4
volumes.
Abu Abdullah Muhammad b Yazid ar Rabi (Ibn Majah)
Ibn Majah was born in 209 AH and began his study of hadith between the ages
of 15 and 20. He visited Khurasan, Iraq, Hijaz, Syria and Egypt, with his
death being in 273 AH. The scholars are unanimous on Ibn Majah's great
scholarship and trustworthiness.
Some of his works include:
- Tafsir
- Al Tarikh (biography of the narrator of ahadith)
- Sunan
His Sunan is very famous with hundreds of libraries containing manuscripts
of this work. In later times his Sunan was included in what is known as 'the
six authentic books'.
Ibn Majah did not mention his criteria for selecting materials. His book
contains 4341 ahadith, out of them 3002 have been recorded by authors of the
other 'six authentic books'. Of the remaining 1339 ahadith recorded by Ibn
Majah alone they have been put in the following classification:
428 are authentic
199 are good
613 are weak
99 are munkar or makdhub
The Sunan of Ibn Majah has very little repetition and is one of the best in
arrangement of chapters and sub chapters. Few commentaries have been written
on it but the best one perhaps is of Mughlatai (d. 762) titled, Al Ilam bi
Sunanihi Alaihis Salam.
Abul Qasim Sulaiman b Ahmad b Ayyub al Tabarani al Lakhami
HIs family belonged to a Yemini tribe named Lakhm who migrated to Quds and
settled down there. He was born in Akka in the month of Safar 260 AH and as
his father was fond of educateion, he directed him to learning ahadith from
an early age.Dhahabi mentioned that Tabarani negan to learn ahadith in
Tabariya from the age of 13. He travelled extensively to include Syria,
Egypt, Yemen, the Arabian Peninsula, the present day Iran, Afghanistan etc.
He spend some 30 years in learning hadith and the number of his teachers
exceed a thousand. Tabarani died in 360 AH.
It seems that the Governor Asfahan Ibn Rustum fixed for his certain amounts
and he use dto recieve it. He is one of those scholars who compiled a very
large number of books. Many of his books perished in the early days, however
10 of his works are known to us at present.
His works include:
Musnad al Ashara
Musnad ash Shamiyin
An Nawadie
Fawaid
Musnad Abu Huraira
Musnad Aisha
Tafsir al Quran
Dua
Dalail an Nubuwa
Ahadith al Tiwal
Hadith Amash
Hadith Auzai
Hadith Ayyub
Ishrat an Nisa
Musnad Abu Dharr
Ar Ruya
Al Jud
FAdl Ramadan
Al Faraid
As Salat alal ar Rasul
Ahadith Zuhri from Anas
Ahadith Ibn al Munkadir from Jabir
Al Mujam as Saghir
His most famous text is Al Mujam al Kabir which is in 12 volumes. This is an
encyclopedia of ahadith of the Prophet which includes a great deal of
historical information as well. The text has absorbed totally or patially
hudreds of previous works. Another text which is also worthy of merit is Al
Mujam al Aswat in which he collected mostly rare information and knowledge
concerning ahadith, some of them authentic and others not, it is currently
located in Istanbul awaiting publication.
Tabarani diedin 369 AH.
Abu as Saadat al Mubarak b Muhammad b Abdul Karim al Jazari
(Ibn al Athir al Jazari)
He was born in 554 AH in Jazirah of Ibn Umar, a town north of Mausil. In 565
AH he made Mausil his permanent home. Ibn al Athir was a very religious man
from a famour literary family. He was a leading figure in the Arabic
language and exegesis of the Quran, Grammar, linguistics, hadith and fiqh.
He continously held important advisory posts in government, and while many
governments and rulers changed they were all in need of his advice.
In his later days he suffered from gout (joint pain) in his leg and was
unable to stretch his leg or walk.Later on a physician came from Maghrib and
treateed his pain, which lead to an improvement, but Ibn al Athir asked his
brother to pay him his wages and discharge him.When asked why, he replid,
'Well, you ar eright, I am in comfort from the authorities. I dislike to go
to their doors, and prefer to live in peace and comfort. When I was healthy
I use dto go to their doors, now they come to me in important matters.
Therefore rest of the life I want to spend in freedom from those people'.
His brother followed his advice and Ibn al Athir was content to live in
severe pain. He died in 606 AH.
His works include:
An Nihayah fi Gharib al Hadith
Ash Shafi sharh musnad ash shafi
Al Insaf bainal Kashf wa al Kashaf
Jami al Usul Fi Ahadith ar Rasul
Ali b Abu Bakr b Sulaiman al Haithami
He was born in Rajab in 735 AHand studie dthe Quran after reaching maturity
joining a famous hadith scholar of his time Zainuddin al Iraqi. He
accompanied Zainuddin on many journeys for learning hadith, thus he became
his teacher and colleague. He married Zainuddin's daughter.
Haithimi was an expert in finding hadiths which were not mentioned by some
particular scholars. He compiled many works on hadiths which were rare to
find.All his works were collected in a single text named Majima az Zawaid wa
manba al Fawaid, and the book was published in 10 volumes in Cairo in 1352
AH. One criticism is that he removed the isnad (chain of narration) for the
ahadiths. He died in 807 AH.
Jalaluddin Abdur Rahman b Kamaluddin As Suyuti
He was born in 849 AH and his father died when he was 6 years old. He
learned from all the major scholars of his time, which numbered some 150. He
compiled some 600 works , some of them in apage or two, others in large
volumes. His main activity was to abridge the works of earlier scholars but
some accused him of stealing the materials of early scholars. He was
principal of many academic institutions. Due to certain conspiracies and
jealousies he was relieved of the posts, however later on it was offered to
him again, but he refused. He was highly respected and high ranking
officials would seek his advice.
Ibn Hajar (d. 852) attempted to collect all the ahadith of the Prophet in
one book, but later abandoned the idea. However his pupul, Suyuti thought on
the same line and compiled the followig works: Al Jami al Kabir. He divided
the book into two sections, (a) saysings of the Prophet and (b) actions of
the Prophet. Sadly he died before having completed the work.
He did however make two smaller collections from Al Jami al Kabir (The Grand
Collection):
Al Jami as Saghir which contains 10010 ahadith. These are the sayinsg of
the Prophet arranged in alphabetical order without isnadZiyadat ala al jami as Saghir
An Indian scholar Ali b Hisamuddin (d. 975 in Makka) known as Al Muttawi al
Hindi arranged all the material of these three books according to legal
chapter and named it Kanzul Ummal Fi Sunan al Aqwal wal Afal. This is the
greatest collection of ahadith in a single book. The book has been published
twice in Hyderbad in India.
References
[1] Razi, Int 29
[2] Ahmad Shakir, Intro to Musnad 60
[3] For a doctoral thesis discussing the punishments of Ahmad, one is
written by Patton 'The Inquisition of Imam Ahmad'
[4] Abu Dawud, His letters to Meccans 23