Some Ahadees on Eid.
1. Ibn `Umar reported that,
The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be on him, mentioned Ramadzan and said:
Do not keep the fast until you see the new moon, and do not discontinue the keeping of fast until you see it (again), and if it be veiled to you (by cloud, etc.), have it measured." (B. 30 : 11.)
2. Ibn `Umar reported that’
The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be on him, said:
“The month is (sometimes) twenty-nine nights, so do not keep the fast until you see (the new moon), and if it be veiled to you (by cloud, etc.), then complete the number of thirty.” **1 **(B. 30 : 11.)
1 The interval between one new moon and the next is sometimes twenty-nine days and sometimes thirty. If there is cloud or mist, and the new moon cannot be seen, there are two ways suggested to determine its appearance; either thirty days may be completed (h. 2), or the appearance of the new moon may be determined by calculation based on the course of the moon (h. 1). According to another hadith (B. 30 : 13), the Arabs did not keep an account of the course of the moon, and therefore the easier way for them was to complete the interval of thirty days. It follows, therefore, that it is not forbidden for a people who keep the account to determine the appearance of the moon from its course. This would bring about more uniformity in the observance of the `Id in one country. Wireless, however, has made uniformity possible even in the actual appearance of the moon is depended upon.
3. Abu Sa`id said,
The Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be on him, used to go forth on the day of the Fitr and Adzha to the Musalla; so the first thing that he did was the saying of prayer; then he turned and stood facing the people while the people were sitting in their rows, and he admonished them and gave them injunctions and commands; then if he intended to raise an army, he gave the orders for it, or if he intended to command any (other) thing, he commanded it; then he returned.**2 **(B. 13 : 6.)
2 The Musalla (lit. the place of prayer) means here the place where the Id service was generally held. In the Id service, the prayers were said first and the sermon delivered afterwards. The sermon not only contained general injunctions but also dealt with measures relating to the welfare of the community.
4. Ibn `Abbas reported that,
The Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be on him, said two rak`ahs of prayer on the day of the Fitr, and he did not say any prayer before it, nor after it; then he came to the women and with him was Bilal, and he commanded them to give charity; so the began to throw away (their ornaments),-- a woman gave away her ear-ring and her necklace.**3 **(B. 13 : 8.)
3 In the sermon the men were asked to join the army if the raising of an army was necessary, and the women were asked to contribute to the expenses. Charity in the Holy Prophet’s day was directed as much towards the defence of the community as towards the help of the poor.
5. Umm `Atiyyah said,
We (women) were commanded to go forth on the day of `Id, in so far as to make a virgin leave her curtain and to require (even) menstruating women to turn out; and they (the women) were behind the men, and they uttered the takbir, along with their takbir, and they made their supplications along with their supplications, hoping for the blessings of that day and its purification.**5 **(B. 13 : 12.)
**5 **All women, even young girls, were commanded to go forth for the `Id service. Menstruating women took part in all functions; only they did not join the prayer-service (B. 13 : 15).
6. It is reported on the authority of `Abd Allah ibn Busr that,
He went forth with the people on the day of the Fitr or the Adzha, and disapproved of the delay of the imam and said, We used to have finished by this time; and it was the time of the prayer after sunrise. **7 **(IM. 5 : 165.)
7 The time of the `Id prayer is the breakfast time.
7. Jabir said,
The Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be on him, used to change the route on the day of the `Id.**8 **(B. 13 : 24.)
8 He went to the place of prayer by one way and came back by another, so that greater numbers of the public might see with their own eyes that Muslims sought communion with the Divine Being even in their festivals.
8. Ibn `Umar said,
The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be on him, made the charity of the Fitr–one sa of dates or one sa of barley–obligatory on every slave and free man, male and female, minor and major, from among Muslims, and ordered that it should be paid before people go out for (`Id) prayer. **14 **(B. 24 : 70.)
**14 **Charity, like prayer, constitutes a distinguishing characteristic of both Id festivals. In the Id al-Adzha, charity takes the form of the distribution of the meat of the sacrificed animal, and the price of its skin which must be devoted to some charitable object; and in the Id al-Fitr, it is made obligatory in the form of Fitr charity. The sa was an Arab measure for grain weighing about four seers. Under present conditions money-value of the sa` would be about four annas in Pakistan, and that may safely be taken as the standard for Fitr charity for each individual, including children.
9. A’ishah reported that,
Abu Bakr paid her a visit in the days of Mina, and with her were two girls playing on a tambourine and beating (it), and the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be on him, had covered himself up with his cloth. Abu Bakr upbraided them, but the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be on him, uncovered his face and said: “Leave them alone, O Abu Bakr! for these are the days of `Id.” (B. 13 : 25.)